In an awake state, neurons in the cerebral cortex fire irregularly and electroencephalogram (EEG)
recordings display low-amplitude, high-frequency fluctuations. During sleep, neurons …

The most prominent EEG events in sleep are slow waves, reflecting a slow (<1 Hz) oscillation
between up and down states in cortical neurons. It is unknown whether slow oscillations …

Plastic changes occurring during wakefulness aid in the acquisition and consolidation of
memories. For some memories, further consolidation requires sleep, but whether plastic …

The need to sleep grows with the duration of wakefulness and dissipates with time spent
asleep, a process called sleep homeostasis. What are the consequences of staying awake on …

Study Objectives: The mechanisms responsible for the homeostatic decrease of slow-wave
activity (SWA, defined in this study as electroencephalogram [EEG] power between 0.5 and …

Sleep is universal in animals, but its specific functions remain elusive. We propose that
sleep's primary function is to allow individual neurons to perform prophylactic cellular …

Slow-wave activity (SWA), the EEG power between 0.5 and 4 Hz during non-rapid eye
movement (NREM) sleep, is one of the best characterized markers of sleep need, because it …

Neuronal firing patterns, neuromodulators, and cerebral metabolism change across sleep–waking
states, and the synaptic release of glutamate is critically involved in these processes. …

In complex and ever-changing environments, resources such as food are often scarce and
unevenly distributed in space and time. Therefore, utilizing external cues to locate and …

Study Objective: Sleep slow-wave activity (SWA, EEG power between 0.5 and 4.0 Hz)
decreases homeostatically in the course of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) sleep. …