Ketamine's clinical use began in the 1970s. Physicians benefited from its safety and ability
to induce short-term anesthesia and analgesia. The psychodysleptic effects caused by the …

Structural plasticity of dendritic spines is thought to underlie memory formation. Size of a
dendritic spine is considered proportional to the size of its postsynaptic density (PSD), number …

Environmental factors such as maternal diet, determine the pathologies that appear early in
life and can persist in adulthood. Maternally modified diets provided through pregnancy and …

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) affects myofibers and muscle stem cells, causing
progressive muscle degeneration and repair defects. It was unknown whether dystrophic …

Background and purpose The endocannabinoid system became a promising target for
osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. Functional selectivity of cannabinoids may increase their beneficial …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a disruptive neurodevelopmental disorder manifested by
abnormal social interactions, communication, emotional circuits, and repetitive behaviors …

The updating of contextual memories is essential for survival in a changing environment.
Accumulating data indicate that the dorsal CA1 area (dCA1) contributes to this process. …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint pathologies and a major cause of disability
among the population of developed countries. It manifests as a gradual degeneration of …

Plasticity of glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampus is believed to underlie learning and
memory processes. Surprisingly, very few studies report long-lasting structural changes of …

Background While product of the myostatin gene (MSTN) is an important factor influencing
muscle growth, which is well confirmed in nonhuman species, it has not been clearly …