Neurophysiologic processes underlie the uncontrolled, compulsive behaviors defining the
addicted state. These “hard-wired” changes in the brain are considered critical for the …

Central nervous system cholinergic neurons arise from several discrete sources, project to
multiple brain regions, and exert specific effects on reward, learning, and memory. These …

Impaired emotion regulation contributes to the development and severity of substance use
disorders (substance disorders). This review summarizes the literature on alterations in …

… \s=b\We investigated psychobiological substrates of pathological gambling by measuring …
Roy A, Adinoff B, Linnoila M: Acting out hostility in normal volunteers: Negative correlation with …

… Bryon Adinoff began the symposium with a review of HPA axis dysfunction in alcohol-dependent
subjects, including recent studies from his lab demonstrating an attenuated …

• We assessed the plasma corticotropin (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and cortisol responses
to ovine corticotropin releasing hormone (oCRH) and the cerebrospinal fluid levels of …

This article provides an overview of the history of substance use and misuse and chronicles
the long shared history humans have had with psychoactive substances, including alcohol. …

… , low blood sugar, or deficiency of the B vitamin thiamine, may produce significant neurotoxicity
resulting in hippocampal damage (Adinoff 1994). Such damage may result in alcohol-…

Background: Cortisol, the primary glucocorticoid in humans, is intimately involved in the
regulation of such varied and critical biological processes as emotion, cognition, reward, …

Initial studies have indicated that stimulant abuse is prevalent among schizophrenic persons.
To assess the phenomenon of cocaine abuse by patients with schizophrenia, 17 male …