Negative reinforcement via motivational withdrawal is the driving force behind the transition to addiction
Psychopharmacology (Berl)
.
2014 Oct;231(19):3911-7.
doi: 10.1007/s00213-014-3623-1.
Epub 2014 Jun 13.
Authors
Olivier George
1
,
George F Koob
,
Leandro F Vendruscolo
Affiliation
1
Committee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, SP30-2400, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA, ogeorge@scripps.edu.
PMID:
24923982
PMCID:
PMC8278497
DOI:
10.1007/s00213-014-3623-1
No abstract available
Publication types
Comment
MeSH terms
Behavior, Addictive*
Drug-Seeking Behavior*
Humans
Models, Psychological*
Reward*
Substance-Related Disorders / etiology*
Substance-Related Disorders / psychology*
Grants and funding
R01 AA008459/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
P60 AA006420/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
R01 AA020608/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
R21 DA036691/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
R01 DA004398/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States