Effect of MK-801 and ketamine on hydroxyl radical generation in the posterior cingulate and retrosplenial cortex of free-moving mice, as determined by in vivo microdialysis

Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2007 Jan;86(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2006.05.010. Epub 2006 Jun 27.

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of MK-801 and ketamine, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists which can induce schizophrenic symptoms and have neurotoxicity in human and animals, on hydroxyl radical (*OH) generation in the posterior cingulate and retrosplenial (PC/RS) cortex of free-moving mice using the salicylic acid trapping technique. MK-801 (0.6 mg/kg) or ketamine (50 mg/kg) acute administration significantly increased *OH levels in mouse PC/RS cortex. The basal *OH levels after MK-801 and ketamine administrations for 7 consecutive days were significantly increased compared with the naive basal levels. MK-801 (0.6 mg/kg) or ketamine (50 mg/kg) challenge after chronic administration further significantly increased dialysate levels of *OH. Our study also found that the release of *OH was secondary to stereotyped behavior, and the intensity of stereotyped behavior induced by MK-801 was more than that induced by ketamine. The results suggested that NMDA receptor antagonists participate in the generation of *OH in the PC/RS cortex of mouse, and oxidative stress, derived from the formation of free radicals, might play an important role in the pathophysiology of these two models of schizophrenia.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Behavior, Animal / drug effects
  • Catechols / metabolism
  • Cerebral Cortex / drug effects
  • Cerebral Cortex / metabolism*
  • Dizocilpine Maleate / pharmacology*
  • Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / pharmacology*
  • Extracellular Space / drug effects
  • Extracellular Space / metabolism
  • Gyrus Cinguli / drug effects
  • Gyrus Cinguli / metabolism*
  • Hydroxybenzoates
  • Hydroxyl Radical / metabolism*
  • Ketamine / pharmacology*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Microdialysis
  • Stereotyped Behavior / drug effects

Substances

  • Catechols
  • Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
  • Hydroxybenzoates
  • Hydroxyl Radical
  • Ketamine
  • Dizocilpine Maleate
  • 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid