Localization of VGLUT3, the vesicular glutamate transporter type 3, in the rat brain
Section snippets
Animals
Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (200–300 g) were housed in an animal room on a 12-h light/dark cycle with food and water ad libitum. All efforts were undertaken to minimize the animal number used in the course of experiments and their suffering. All the procedures involving animals and their care were conducted in conformity with the institutional guidelines that are in compliance with national and international laws and policies (European Comunity Council directive 87-848, October 19, 1987,
General comments
We analyzed VGLUT3 mRNA and protein distributions in the rat brain by three different methods: in situ hybridization, immunoautoradiography and immunohistochemistry.
VGLUT1, -2 and -3, the three subtypes of VGLUTs, have highly conserved nucleic acid and peptidic sequences. Most of the divergences occur in their 5′ and 3′ translated and untranslated regions, whereas the core of the open reading frame bearing the trans-membrane domains is highly conserved (Aihara et al., 2000, Ni et al., 1994,
Discussion
The absence of specific molecular markers of glutamatergic neurons has long hampered the elucidation of their anatomic distribution. The recent discovery of the VGLUTs family (Aihara et al., 2000, Bellocchio et al., 2000, Ni et al., 1994, Takamori et al., 2000) has allowed considerable progress to be made in the understanding of excitatory pathways and has opened the way for their precise mapping. Recently, two subtypes of glutamate vesicular transporters, VGLUT1 and VGLUT2, were isolated in
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by grants from Hoescht Marion Roussel and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (B. Giros). E.H. was supported by a Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM) fellowship.
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