Dual pathways for haptic and visual perception of spatial and texture information
Research highlights
► Dual pathways for location and texture in somatosensory and visual systems. ► Somatosensory and visual location pathways converge in dorsal frontoparietal cortex. ► Somatosensory texture pathway runs through parietal operculum. ► Somatosensory and visual texture pathways converge in visual and frontal cortex.
Section snippets
Subjects
Eighteen subjects (eleven male, seven female) took part in the study after giving informed consent. All were right-handed as assessed by the high-validity subset of the Edinburgh handedness questionnaire (Raczkowski et al., 1974), were neurologically normal, and had vision that was normal or corrected to normal with contact lenses. Subjects with callused fingerpads or a history of injury to the upper extremity were excluded. Ages ranged from 18–23 years, with a mean age of 20.8.
Haptic
The haptic
Behavioral
Accuracy (mean % correct ± SEM) was 81.4 ± 2.8% in the VT task, 91.1 ± 1.9% in the visual location VL task, 87.7 ± 2.0% in the haptic texture HT task and 84.4 ± 1.9% in the haptic location HL task. An ANOVA showed no main effect of either modality (F1,17 = .01; p = .91) or task (F1,17 = 3.3; p = .09), but there was a significant interaction between these two factors (F1,17 = 761.2; p < .001). Paired t-tests (Bonferroni-corrected) showed significant differences between VT/VL (t17 = − 3.8; p = 0.001) and between VL/HL (t17 =
Discussion
Analysis of the behavioral data obtained during scanning showed that subjects performed at a high level of accuracy, i.e. above 80% correct in all tasks. Although accuracy on the VL task was significantly higher than in either the VT or HL tasks, this did not impact the activations, since voxels independently identified as showing correlations (positive or negative) between activation magnitude and accuracy in each task were essentially non-overlapping with the corresponding activation maps.
Conclusions
The present study establishes the existence of dual pathways for processing location and texture in both the somatosensory and the visual system. The texture pathways proceed from modality-specific regions without task-selectivity through regions specific for both modality and texture to texture-selective bisensory regions. The location pathways also originate in modality-specific regions lacking task-selectivity, but project directly to location-selective unisensory and bisensory regions. Both
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by research grants from the NIH (R01 EY12440 and K24 EY17332 to K.S., and R01 EB002009 to X.H.). Support to K.S. from the Veterans Administration is also gratefully acknowledged.
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