CommentaryTDCS increases cortical excitability: Direct evidence from TMS-EEG
Section snippets
Role of funding
PBF was supported by a Practitioner Fellowship grant from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC 606907). KEH was supported by a Post Doctoral Training Fellowship from NHMRC (546229).
Conflicts of interest
PBF has received equipment for research from Medtronic Ltd., MagVenture A/S and Brainsway Ltd. NWB, KEH, RHT, and JCH have no relevant conflicts to declare.
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TDCS increases cortical excitability: direct evidence from TMS-EEG
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2021, Encyclopedia of Behavioral Neuroscience: Second EditionClinical utility and prospective of TMS–EEG
2019, Clinical NeurophysiologyCitation Excerpt :Authors conclude that TMS–EEG is a sensitive measure of the online and offline spreading of activations induced by tDCS. However, caution should be taken when interpreting these results because of the possible confound from volume conduction in the employed connectivity analysis (Bailey et al., 2016). The right PPC was also recently targeted with 15 min of 0.5 mA sham and cathodal tDCS (Varoli et al., 2018).
Contribution of transcranial magnetic stimulation to assessment of brain connectivity and networks
2017, Clinical NeurophysiologyCitation Excerpt :In addition, TMS-EEG has also been used for studying the mechanisms underlying human epilepsies (Shafi et al., 2015) and psychiatric disorders (Frantseva et al., 2014). Recently, new multimodal approaches have been developed coupling the recording of TMS-evoked potentials before, during and after non-invasive brain stimulation (rTMS or transcranial electrical stimulation, tES), in order to better understand the mechanisms through which these techniques can induce changes in cortical functions both in physiological and pathological conditions (Chung et al., 2015; Bailey et al., 2016; Hill et al., 2016). For example, Romero Lauro and co-workers (Romero Lauro et al., 2014) used TMS-EEG to explore local and global cortical excitability modulation during and after active and sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS).
Effects of prefrontal bipolar and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation on cortical reactivity and working memory in healthy adults
2017, NeuroImageCitation Excerpt :Volume conduction represents the passive spread of electric fields from a particular generator through the surrounding biological tissue (e.g., brain, dura matter, CSF, skull, skin) (Holsheimer and Feenstra, 1977; van den Broek et al., 1998). Ultimately, these fields may be detected across several scalp electrodes, limiting one's ability to fully disentangle whether the recorded signals represent activity from independent underlying brain regions, or activity originating from a single source (Bailey et al., 2016; Michel et al., 2004). Our inclusion of source estimation analyses, however, although limited to use with a generic head template rather than individual MRIs, provides some additional insight into the cortical activity occurring at the time of the P60 TEP.