Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research
ReviewHypoxia-inducible factor 1: Regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and mediator of ischemic preconditioning☆
Research Highlights
► Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) maintains oxygen homeostasis by directly activating transcription of target genes and by indirectly repressing gene expression through the transactivation of genes encoding transcriptional repressors and microRNAs. ► Within each cell, O2 supply and utilization must be optimized in order to prevent the production of excess reactive oxygen species, which can cause oxidative damage to cellular DNA, proteins, and lipids. HIF-1 regulates the balance between oxidative and glycolytic metabolism by directly activating transcription of target genes encoding lactate dehydrogenase A, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, BNIP3, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4-2, mitochondrial protease LON, and microRNA miR-210. ► HIF-1 is a critical mediator of hypoxic and ischemic cardiac preconditioning. Further studies are required to determine whether regulation of myocardial metabolism plays a key role in preconditioning.
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This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondria and Cardioprotection.