Multiple classes of dopamine receptors in mammalian central nervous system: The involvement of dopamine-sensitive adenylyl cyclase
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Cited by (107)
The World of GPCR dimers – Mapping dopamine receptor D<inf>2</inf> homodimers in different activation states and configuration arrangements
2023, Computational and Structural Biotechnology JournalCorybungines A−K: Isoquinoline alkaloids from Corydalis bungeana with dopamine D2 receptor activity
2022, PhytochemistryCitation Excerpt :On the basis of their structural, pharmacological and biochemical properties, DRs are classified as D1-like (D1 and D5) and D2-like (D2, D3 and D4) (Beaulieu and Gainetdinov, 2011). D2-like DRs are coupled to Gαi/o proteins and inhibit the production of the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) through the inhibition of adenylate cyclase (AC), which leads to decreased protein kinase A (PKA) activity (Beaulieu et al., 2015; Kebabian, 1978). Clinically, D2-like DRs are important therapeutic targets for antiparkinsonian (agonists) and antipsychotic (antagonists or partial agonists) drugs, especially D2 that is the common target for all approved antipsychotic drugs so far (Arnsten et al., 2017; Silva et al., 2020).
Dopamine, a co-regulatory component, bridges the central nervous system and the immune system
2022, Biomedicine and PharmacotherapyCitation Excerpt :When DRs modulators bind to their specific receptors, they promote downstream coupling of the heterotrimeric G proteins Gα-s/olf or Gα-i/o, which are stimulatory and inhibitory receptors, respectively. The functional state of the second messenger such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) depends on the type of DRs being coupled [79,80]. It was found that D1 class receptors activate Gα-s/olf, stimulate adenylate cyclase (AC), and increase cAMP levels.
Heteromerization of dopaminergic receptors in the brain: Pharmacological implications
2021, Pharmacological ResearchCitation Excerpt :Dopamine exerts its physiological effects through the two subtypes of receptors i.e. the D1-family (D1R and D5R) and the D2-family (D2R, D3R, and D4R) receptors which vary in their distribution, affinity, and signaling pattern [3]. The D1-like subfamily (D1R and D5R) are coupled to Gαs/olf proteins to activate adenylyl cyclase (AC) whereas the D2-like receptors are coupled to Gαi/o subunits and suppress the activity of AC [3,4]. Besides, there are D2RS (D2R-short) and D2RL (D2R-long) variants of the D2R, due to the alternative splicing, that are related to presynaptic and postsynaptic neuronal populations, respectively.
Dopamine receptor agonists ameliorate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by repressing fibroblast differentiation and proliferation
2021, Biomedicine and PharmacotherapyCitation Excerpt :Physiological functions of DA are mainly mediated by DA receptors. DA receptor, an important G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), is classified into two families: the D1-like (D1 and D5) and D2-like (D2, D3 and D4) receptor families, according to their downstream signaling pathways [11,12]. A previous study demonstrated that lower expression of D2R increased the expression of profibrotic factors, such as TGF-β1, and the production of ECM proteins in human renal proximal tubule cells [13].
The role of dopamine receptors in lymphocytes and their changes in schizophrenia
2021, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - HealthCitation Excerpt :There are 5 major subtypes of DRs that belong to a superfamily of metabotropic G-protein-coupled receptors of seven A-class transmembrane domains (Harmar et al., 2009), divided into two families according to their pharmacological profile. The D1-like receptor subtypes (D1R and D5R) are stimulatory receptors coupled to the Gαs-protein and the D2-like receptor subtypes (D2R, D3R and D4R) are inhibitory receptors coupled to the Gαi/o-protein, depending on their ability to subsequently activate the enzyme adenylyl cyclase, increasing or not the intracellular concentration of the secondary messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), respectively (Kebabian, 1978; Beaulieu et al., 2015; Spano et al., 1978). Interestingly, DRs can form heterodimers leading to a particularly organized, varying combinatorial possibilities at a higher level, which gives this family of receptors very diverse pharmacological and functional properties (Beaulieu et al., 2015).