Perforated and non-perforated synapses in rat neocortex: three-dimensional reconstructions
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Cited by (49)
Age-dependent changes in Wnt signaling components and synapse number are differentially affected between brain regions
2022, Experimental GerontologyCitation Excerpt :However, we found an increase in the number of perforated synapses. Although we do not know the significance of this finding, this increase could represent an adaptative form of synaptic plasticity or a remodeling process to compensate for the efficacy of synaptic transmission in the aged cerebellum (Geinisman, 2000; Jones and Calverley, 1991; Nikonenko et al., 2002; Toni et al., 2001) similar to that observed in the denervated striatum after dopamine depletion induced by 6-OHDA injection (Anaya-Martínez et al., 2014). Several Wnt molecules have been found in the adult brain at the synaptic level and have been associated with the maintenance of the structural stability and functionality of synapses (Cerpa et al., 2008; Davis et al., 2008; Dickins and Salinas, 2013; Purro et al., 2014).
A unifying theory for the pathoetiologic mechanism of tardive dyskinesia
2020, Medical HypothesesCitation Excerpt :The latter type is formed of large segments or isolated islands of post synaptic density which leads to an increase in the size of the synapse and eventually splitting into smaller non perforated synapses [80]. If perforated synapses are precursors to new synapses in development or plasticity [18], one would expect an increase in the number of synapses and a dramatic increase in the potency of the dopamine signal in patients with TD (which will be, nonetheless, muted due to ongoing dopamine receptor blockade with the DRBA being administered). This is also seen as an increase in dendritic spines.
Ginsenoside Rd improves behavioral impairment of rats with acute plateau status by modulating synaptic plasticity
2019, Chinese Herbal MedicinesCitation Excerpt :In addition, the proportional changes of the flat and concave synapsis among three types of synapses are also important factors that affect synaptic transmission efficiency; the released neurotransmitters reach the target and improve the effectiveness of the neurotransmitter information transfer because the concave synaptic interface is concentrated. Synaptic perforation also plays an important role in synaptic plasticity (Jones & Calvery, 1991; Zhang & Hu, 1999). It is believed that synaptic perforation can increase the contact area of PSD and the neurotransmitters and enhance the transmission efficiency of synapses.
Changes in hippocampal synapses and learning-memory abilities in a streptozotocin-treated rat model and intervention by using fasudil hydrochloride
2012, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :Our results demonstrate that FH can reverse STZ-induced synaptic loss, and learning/memory in STZ+FH rats is ameliorated. Additionally, perforated synapses (see Fig. 3A[d]) have been reported to enhance synaptic transmission efficacy by increasing the area of synaptic contact (Jones and Calvery, 1991; Zhang and Hu, 1999). The percentage of perforated synapses, which are functionally proposed to represent large, mature, and highly efficacious synapses that facilitate long-term potentiation (Calverly and Jones, 1990; Jones and Harris, 1995), also impacts the plasticity and transmission of synapses.
The role of synaptic morphology in neural plasticity: Structural interactions underlying synaptic power
2002, Brain Research ReviewsIntramembranous structure of the postsynaptic membrane in the rat sensorimotor cortex
1996, Neuroscience Letters