Skip to main content
Log in

A pathway map of prolactin signaling

  • Technical Report
  • Published:
Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling Aims and scope

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Abbreviations

PRL:

Prolactin

PRLR:

Prolactin receptor

PL:

Placental lactogen

GH:

Growth hormone

JAK2:

Janus kinase 2

STAT1:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 91 kDa

MAPK:

Mitogen activated protein kinase

PI3-Kinase:

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase

AKT1:

v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1

RAC1:

ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1

IRS1:

Insulin receptor substrate 1

IRS2:

Insulin receptor substrate 2

MTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

GSK3B:

glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta

PAK1:

p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 1

BioPAX:

Biological PAthway eXchange

PSI-MI:

Proteomics Standards Initiative for Molecular Interaction

SBML:

Systems Biology Markup Language

References

  • Ben-Jonathan N, Hugo ER, Brandebourg TD, LaPensee CR (2006) Focus on prolactin as a metabolic hormone. Trends Endocrinol Metab 17:110–116

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Binart N, Ormandy CJ, Kelly PA (2000) Mammary gland development and the prolactin receptor. Adv Exp Med Biol 480:85–92

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop JD, Nien WL, Dauphinee SM, Too CK (2006) Prolactin activates mammalian target-of-rapamycin through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and stimulates phosphorylation of p70S6K and 4E-binding protein-1 in lymphoma cells. J Endocrinol 190:307–312

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bouilly J, Sonigo C, Auffret J, Gibori G, Binart N (2011) Prolactin signaling mechanisms in ovary. Mol Cell Endocrinol

  • Clevenger CV, Furth PA, Hankinson SE, Schuler LA (2003) The role of prolactin in mammary carcinoma. Endocr Rev 24:1–27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clevenger CV, Gadd SL, Zheng J (2009) New mechanisms for PRLr action in breast cancer. Trends Endocrinol Metab 20:223–229

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corbacho AM, Nava G, Eiserich JP, Noris G, Macotela Y, Struman I, Martinez De La Escalera G, Freeman BA, Clapp C (2000) Proteolytic cleavage confers nitric oxide synthase inducing activity upon prolactin. J Biol Chem 275:13183–13186

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corbacho AM, Martinez De La Escalera G, Clapp C (2002) Roles of prolactin and related members of the prolactin/growth hormone/placental lactogen family in angiogenesis. J Endocrinol 173:219–238

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Das R, Vonderhaar BK (1996) Involvement of SHC, GRB2, SOS and RAS in prolactin signal transduction in mammary epithelial cells. Oncogene 13:1139–1145

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DaSilva L, Rui H, Erwin RA, Howard OM, Kirken RA, Malabarba MG, Hackett RH, Larner AC, Farrar WL (1996) Prolactin recruits STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5 independent of conserved receptor tyrosines TYR402, TYR479, TYR515 and TYR580. Mol Cell Endocrinol 117:131–140

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Demir E, Cary MP, Paley S, Fukuda K, Lemer C, Vastrik I, Wu G, D’Eustachio P, Schaefer C et al (2010) The BioPAX community standard for pathway data sharing. Nat Biotechnol 28:935–942

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dominguez-Caceres MA, Garcia-Martinez JM, Calcabrini A, Gonzalez L, Porque PG, Leon J, Martin-Perez J (2004) Prolactin induces c-Myc expression and cell survival through activation of Src/Akt pathway in lymphoid cells. Oncogene 23:7378–7390

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Freeman ME, Kanyicska B, Lerant A, Nagy G (2000) Prolactin: structure, function, and regulation of secretion. Physiol Rev 80:1523–1631

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goel R, Muthusamy B, Pandey A, Prasad TS (2011) Human protein reference database and human proteinpedia as discovery resources for molecular biotechnology. Mol Biotechnol 48:87–95

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goel R, Raju R, Maharudraiah J, Kumar GSS, Ghosh K, Kumar A, Lashmi PT, Sharma J, Sharma R et al (2012) A signaling network of thyroid-stimulating hormone. J Proteomics Bioinformatics

  • Goffin V, Bogorad RL, Touraine P (2010) Identification of gain-of-function variants of the human prolactin receptor. Methods Enzymol 484:329–355

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hermjakob H, Montecchi-Palazzi L, Bader G, Wojcik J, Salwinski L, Ceol A, Moore S, Orchard S, Sarkans U et al (2004) The HUPO PSI’s molecular interaction format–a community standard for the representation of protein interaction data. Nat Biotechnol 22:177–183

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hucka M, Finney A, Sauro HM, Bolouri H, Doyle JC, Kitano H, Arkin AP, Bornstein BJ, Bray D et al (2003) The systems biology markup language (SBML): a medium for representation and exchange of biochemical network models. Bioinformatics 19:524–531

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kandasamy K, Keerthikumar S, Raju R, Keshava Prasad TS, Ramachandra YL, Mohan S, Pandey A (2009) PathBuilder–open source software for annotating and developing pathway resources. Bioinformatics 25:2860–2862

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kandasamy K, Mohan SS, Raju R, Keerthikumar S, Kumar GS, Venugopal AK, Telikicherla D, Navarro JD, Mathivanan S et al (2010) NetPath: a public resource of curated signal transduction pathways. Genome Biol 11:R3

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Martini JF, Piot C, Humeau LM, Struman I, Martial JA, Weiner RI (2000) The antiangiogenic factor 16K PRL induces programmed cell death in endothelial cells by caspase activation. Mol Endocrinol 14:1536–1549

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nanjappa V, Raju R, Muthusamy B, Sharma J, Thomas JK, Nidhina PAH, Harsha HC, Pandey A, Anilkumar G et al (2011) A comprehensive curated reaction map of leptin signaling pathway. J Proteomics Bioinformatics 4:184–189

    Google Scholar 

  • Pezet A, Buteau H, Kelly PA, Edery M (1997) The last proline of Box 1 is essential for association with JAK2 and functional activation of the prolactin receptor. Mol Cell Endocrinol 129:199–208

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Piazza TM, Lu JC, Carver KC, Schuler LA (2009) SRC family kinases accelerate prolactin receptor internalization, modulating trafficking and signaling in breast cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol 23:202–212

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raju R, Balakrishnan L, Nanjappa V, Bhattacharjee M, Getnet D, Muthusamy B, Kurian Thomas J, Sharma J, Rahiman BA et al. (2011a) A comprehensive manually curated reaction map of RANKL/RANK-signaling pathway. Database (Oxford) 2011:bar021

  • Raju R, Nanjappa V, Balakrishnan L, Radhakrishnan A, Thomas JK, Sharma J, Tian M, Palapetta SM, Subbannayya T et al (2011b) NetSlim: high-confidence curated signaling maps. Database (Oxford) 2011:bar032

  • Rider L, Shatrova A, Feener EP, Webb L, Diakonova M (2007) JAK2 tyrosine kinase phosphorylates PAK1 and regulates PAK1 activity and functions. J Biol Chem 282:30985–30996

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Struman I, Bentzien F, Lee H, Mainfroid V, D'Angelo G, Goffin V, Weiner RI, Martial JA (1999) Opposing actions of intact and N-terminal fragments of the human prolactin/growth hormone family members on angiogenesis: an efficient mechanism for the regulation of angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:1246-1251

    Google Scholar 

  • Telikicherla D, Ambekar A, Palapetta SM, Dwivedi SB, Raju R, Sharma J, Prasad TS, Ramachandra YL, Mohan SS et al (2011) A comprehensive curated resource for Follicle Stimulating Hormone signaling. BMC Res Notes 4:408

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Utama FE, Tran TH, Ryder A, LeBaron MJ, Parlow AF, Rui H (2009) Insensitivity of human prolactin receptors to nonhuman prolactins: relevance for experimental modeling of prolactin receptor-expressing human cells. Endocrinology 150:1782–1790

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van Iersel MP, Kelder T, Pico AR, Hanspers K, Coort S, Conklin BR, Evelo C (2008) Presenting and exploring biological pathways with PathVisio. BMC Bioinforma 9:399

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamauchi T, Kaburagi Y, Ueki K, Tsuji Y, Stark GR, Kerr IM, Tsushima T, Akanuma Y, Komuro I et al (1998) Growth hormone and prolactin stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1, -2, and -3, their association with p85 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase), and concomitantly PI3-kinase activation via JAK2 kinase. J Biol Chem 273:15719–15726

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India for research support to the Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore. Aneesha Radhakrishnan and Shyam Mohan Palapetta are recipients of Senior Research Fellowship from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India. Deepthi Telikicherla is a recipient of Senior Research Fellowship from Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India. P. P. Mathur thanks the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India and Department of Information Technology (DIT), Government of India for financial support (Project Nos.: BT/BI/03/015/2002 and DIT/R&D/BIO/15(9)/2007). Dattatraya V. Desai and Urmila Kulkarni-Kale gratefully acknowledge the facilities of the Bioinformatics Centre, University of Pune and the ‘Centre of Excellence’ grant by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India as well as the Department of Information Technology (DIT), Government of India. H. C Harsha is a Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance Early Career Fellow. Dr. Carrie Shemanko is the “pathway authority” of this manuscript and has reviewed the molecular interactions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aditi Chatterjee.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Radhakrishnan, A., Raju, R., Tuladhar, N. et al. A pathway map of prolactin signaling. J. Cell Commun. Signal. 6, 169–173 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12079-012-0168-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12079-012-0168-0

Keywords

Navigation