Abstract
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), constituted by areas 25, 32, 24a and 24b in rodents, plays a major role in cognition, emotion and pain. In a previous study, we described the afferents of areas 24a and 24b and those of areas 24aʹ and 24bʹ of midcingulate cortex (MCC) in mice and highlighted some density differences among cingulate inputs (Fillinger et al., Brain Struct Funct 222:1509–1532, 2017). To complete this connectome, we analyzed here the efferents of ACC and MCC by injecting anterograde tracers in areas 24a/24b of ACC and 24aʹ/24bʹ of MCC. Our results reveal a common projections pattern from both ACC and MCC, targeting the cortical mantle (intracingulate, retrosplenial and parietal associative cortex), the non-cortical basal forebrain, (dorsal striatum, septum, claustrum, basolateral amygdala), the hypothalamus (anterior, lateral, posterior), the thalamus (anterior, laterodorsal, ventral, mediodorsal, midline and intralaminar nuclei), the brainstem (periaqueductal gray, superior colliculus, pontomesencephalic reticular formation, pontine nuclei, tegmental nuclei) and the spinal cord. In addition to an overall denser ACC projection pattern compared to MCC, our analysis revealed clear differences in the density and topography of efferents between ACC and MCC, as well as between dorsal (24b/24bʹ) and ventral (24a/24aʹ) areas, suggesting a common functionality of these two cingulate regions supplemented by specific roles of each area. These results provide a detailed analysis of the efferents of the mouse areas 24a/24b and 24aʹ/24bʹ and achieve the description of the cingulate connectome, which bring the anatomical basis necessary to address the roles of ACC and MCC in mice.
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Abbreviations
- 3:
-
3rd ventricle
- 4:
-
4th ventricle
- 7n:
-
Facial nerve
- aca:
-
Anterior commissure, anterior part
- AcbC:
-
Accumbens N, core region
- AcbSh:
-
Accumbens N, shell region
- ACC:
-
Anterior cingulate cortex
- AD:
-
Anterodorsal thalamic N
- AHC:
-
Anterior hypothalamic area, central part
- AHP:
-
Anterior hypothalamic area, posterior part
- AI:
-
Agranular insular cortex
- AM:
-
Anteromedial thalamic N
- AOM:
-
Anterior olfactory N, medial part
- AOP:
-
Anterior olfactory N, posterior part
- APT:
-
Anterior pretectal N
- aq:
-
Aqueduct
- Au:
-
Primary auditory cortex
- AV:
-
Anteroventral thalamic N
- Bar:
-
Barrington’s N
- BLA:
-
Basolateral amygdaloid N, anterior part
- CA1:
-
Field CA1 of the hippocampus
- cc:
-
Corpus callosum
- cg:
-
Cingulum
- CG:
-
Central gray
- Cl:
-
Claustrum
- CL:
-
Centrolateral thalamic N
- CM:
-
Central medial thalamic N
- cp:
-
Cerebral peduncle
- CPu:
-
Caudate putamen
- dhc:
-
Dorsal hippocampal commissure
- DLG:
-
Dorsal lateral geniculate N
- DpG:
-
Deep gray layer of the superior colliculus
- DpWh:
-
Deep white layer of the superior colliculus
- DR:
-
Dorsal raphe nucleus
- DS:
-
Dorsal subiculum
- DTT:
-
Dorsal tenia tecta
- ec:
-
External capsule
- Ect:
-
Ectorhinal cortex
- eml:
-
External medullary lamina
- Ent:
-
Enthorinal cortex
- f:
-
Fornix
- fmi:
-
Forceps minor of the corpus callosum
- fmj:
-
Forceps major of the corpus callosum
- fr:
-
Fasciculus retroflexus
- GiA:
-
Gigantocellular reticular N, alpha part
- GiV:
-
Gigantocellular reticular N, ventral part
- GP:
-
Globus pallidus
- HDB:
-
Diagonal band of Broca, horizontal limb
- IAD:
-
Interanterodorsal thalamic N
- IAM:
-
Interanteromedial thalamic N
- ic:
-
Internal capsule
- IMD:
-
Intermediodorsal thalamic N
- InG:
-
Intermediate gray layer of the superior colliculus
- InWh:
-
Intermediate white layer of the superior colliculus
- IP:
-
Interpedoncular N
- LAcbSh:
-
Lateral accumbens, shell region
- LC:
-
Locus coeruleus
- LD:
-
Laterodorsal thalamic N
- LDDM:
-
LD, dorsomedial part
- LDTg:
-
Laterodorsal tegmental N
- LDVL:
-
LD, ventrolateral part
- LH:
-
Lateral hypothalamic area
- LHb:
-
Lateral habenula
- LO:
-
Lateral orbital cortex
- LP:
-
Lateral posterior thalamic N
- LPLR:
-
Lateral posterior thalamic N, laterorostral part
- LPMR:
-
Lateral posterior thalamic N, mediorostral part
- LPO:
-
Lateral preoptic area
- LSI:
-
Lateral septal N, intermediate part
- LV:
-
Lateral ventricle
- M2:
-
Secondary motor cortex
- MB:
-
Mammillary bodies
- MCC:
-
Midcingulate cortex
- MD:
-
Mediodorsal thalamic N
- MDC:
-
Mediodorsal thalamic N, central part
- MDL:
-
Mediodorsal thalamic N, lateral part
- MDM:
-
Mediodorsal thalamic N, medial part
- me5:
-
Mesencephalic trigeminal tract
- MHb:
-
Medial habenular N
- MnR:
-
Median raphe N
- MO:
-
Medial orbital cortex
- MPT:
-
Medial pretectal N
- mRt:
-
Mesencephalic reticular formation
- MS:
-
Medial septal N
- mt:
-
Mamillotegmental tract
- N:
-
Nucleus
- Op:
-
Optic nerve layer of the superior colliculus
- opt:
-
Optic tract
- PaF:
-
Parafascicular thalamic N
- PAG:
-
Periaqueductal gray
- PAGdl:
-
Periaqueductal gray, dorsolateral part
- PAGdm:
-
Periaqueductal gray, dorsomedial part
- PAGl:
-
Periaqueductal gray, lateral part
- PAGvl:
-
Periaqueductal gray, ventrolateral part
- PAGr:
-
Periaqueductal gray, rostral part
- PC:
-
Paracentral thalamic N
- PH:
-
Posterior hypothalamic N
- pm:
-
Principal mammillary tract
- PMnR:
-
Paramedian raphe N
- Pn:
-
Pontine N
- PnC:
-
Pontine reticular N, caudal part
- PnO:
-
Pontine reticular N, oral part
- Po:
-
Posterior thalamic N group
- Post:
-
Postsubiculum
- PrCnF:
-
Precuneiform area
- PrG:
-
Pregeniculate N of the prethalamus
- PR:
-
Prerubral field
- PRh:
-
Perirhinal cortex
- PT:
-
Paratenial thalamic N
- PtA:
-
Parietal associative cortex
- PTg:
-
Pedunculotegmental N
- PV:
-
Paraventricular thalamic N
- PVH:
-
Hypothalamic paraventricular N
- py:
-
Pyramidal tract
- Re:
-
Reuniens thalamic N
- Rh:
-
Rhomboid thalamic N
- RIP:
-
Raphe interpositus N
- RM:
-
Retromamillary N
- RMg:
-
Raphe magnus N
- RPa:
-
Raphe pallidus N
- RSC:
-
Retrosplenial cortex
- Rt:
-
Reticular N
- RVM:
-
Ventromedial medulla region
- S1:
-
Primary somatosensory cortex
- SC:
-
Superior colliculus
- scp:
-
Superior cerebellar peduncle
- sm:
-
Stria medullaris
- SNc:
-
Substantia nigra, pars compacta
- SNr:
-
Substantia nigra, pars reticulata
- st:
-
Stria terminalis
- STh:
-
Subthalamic N
- Sub:
-
Submedius N
- SuG:
-
Superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus
- TeA:
-
Temporal association cortex
- ts:
-
Tectospinal tract
- Tu:
-
Olfactory tubercle
- V1:
-
Primary visual cortex
- V2L:
-
Secondary visual cortex, lateral area
- V2M:
-
Secondary visual cortex, medial area
- V2ML:
-
Secondary visual cortex, mediolateral area
- V2MM:
-
Secondary visual cortex, mediomedial area
- VA:
-
Ventral anterior thalamic N
- VDB:
-
Diagonal band of Broca, vertical limb
- VL:
-
Ventrolateral thalamic N
- VM:
-
Ventromedial thalamic N
- VO:
-
Ventral orbital cortex
- VP:
-
Ventral pallidum
- VPL:
-
Ventral posterolateral thalamic N
- VPM:
-
Ventral posteromedial thalamic N
- VTA:
-
Ventral tegmental area
- VTg:
-
Ventral tegmental N
- ZI:
-
Zona incerta
- ZID:
-
ZI, dorsal part
- ZIR:
-
ZI, rostral part
- ZIV:
-
ZI, ventral part
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Acknowledgements
We thank the Chronobiotron (UMS3415) for animal housing and animal care. This work was supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (contract UPR3212), the University of Strasbourg and by a NARSAD Young Investigator Grant from the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation.
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Fillinger, C., Yalcin, I., Barrot, M. et al. Efferents of anterior cingulate areas 24a and 24b and midcingulate areas 24aʹ and 24bʹ in the mouse. Brain Struct Funct 223, 1747–1778 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-017-1585-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-017-1585-x