Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Breastfeeding and migraine drugs

  • Review Article
  • Published:
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Breastfeeding women may suffer from migraine. While we have many drugs for its treatment and prophylaxis, the majority are poorly studied in breastfeeding women. We conducted a review of the most common anti-migraine drugs (AMDs) and we determined their lactation risk.

Methods

For each AMD, we collected all retrievable data from Hale’s Medications and Mother Milk (2012), from the LactMed database (2014) of the National Library of Medicine, and from a MedLine Search of relevant studies published in the last 10 years.

Results

According to our review, AMDs safe during breastfeeding are as follows: low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), ibuprofen, sumatriptan, metoprolol, propranolol, verapamil, amitriptyline, escitalopram, paroxetine, sertraline, acetaminophen, caffeine, and metoclopramide. AMDs compatible with breastfeeding but warranting caution are as follows: diclofenac, ketoprofen, naproxen, most new triptans, topiramate, valproate, venlafaxine, and cyproheptadine. Finally, high-dose ASA, atenolol, nadolol, cinnarizine, flunarizine, ergotamine, methysergide, and pizotifen are contraindicated.

Conclusions

According to our review, the majority of the revised AMDs were assessed to be compatible with breastfeeding.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Manzoni GC, Stovner LJ (2010). Epidemiology of headache. Handbook of clinical neurology 97:3–22

  2. Smitherman TA, Burch R, Sheikh H et al (2013) The prevalence, impact, and treatment of migraine and severe headaches in the United States: a review of statistics from national surveillance studies. Headache 53(3):427–436

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kvisvik EV, Stovner LJ, Helde G et al (2011) Headache and migraine during pregnancy and puerperium: the MIGRA-study. J Headache Pains 12(4):443–451

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Hoshiyama E, Tatsumoto M, Iwanami H et al (2012) Postpartum migraines: a long-term prospective study. Intern Med 51(22):3119–3123

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Hutchinson S, Marmuta MJ, Calhoun A et al (2013) Use of common migraine treatments in breastfeeding women: a summary of recommendations. Headache 53(4):614–627

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Antonaci F, Dumitrache C, De Cillis I et al (2010) A review of current European treatment guidelines for migraine. J Headache Pain 11:13–19

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Silberstein SD, Holland S, Freitag F et al (2012) Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society. Evidence-based guideline update: pharmacologic treatment for episodic migraine prevention in adults: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society. Neurology 78(17):1337–1345

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Holland S, Silberstein SD, Freitag F et al (2012) Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society. Evidence-based guideline update: NSAIDs and other complementary treatments for episodic migraine prevention in adults: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society. Neurology 78(17):1346–1353

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Atkinson HC, Begg EJ, Darlow BA (1988) Drugs in human milk. Clinical pharmacokinetic considerations. Clin Pharmacokinets 14:217–240

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Bennett PN (1996) Drugs and human lactation. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  11. Hale TW (2012) Medication and mothers’ milk. Hale Publishing, Amarillo

    Google Scholar 

  12. LactMed. http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/lactmed.htm

  13. Voelker M, Hammer M (2012) Dissolution and pharmacokinetics of a novel micronized aspirin formulation. Inflammopharmacology 20(4):225–231

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Unsworth J, D’Assis Fonseca A, Beswick DT (1987) Serum salicylate levels in a breast fed infants. Annals Rheum Diseases 46:638–639

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Bailey DN, Weibert RT, Naylor AJ et al (1982) A study of salicylate and caffeine excretion in the breast milk of two nursing mothers. J Anal Toxicol 6:64–68

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Terragna A, Spirito L (1967) Thrombocytopenic purpura in an infant after administration of acetylsalicylic acid to the wet-nurse. Minerva Pediatr 19(13):613–616

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Clark JH, Wilson WG (1981) A 16-day-old breast-fed infant with metabolic acidosis caused by salicylate. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 20(1):53–54

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bell AD, Roussin A, Cartier R et al (2011) The use of antiplatelet therapy in the outpatient setting: Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines Executive Summary. Can J Cardiol 27(2):208–221

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Spigset O, Hagg S (2000) Analgesics and breast-feeding: safety considerations. Paediatr drugs 2(3):223–238

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Hirose M, Hara Y, Hosokawa T et al (1996) The effect of postoperative analgesia with continuous epidural bupivacaine after cesarean section on the amount of breast feeding and infant weight gain. Anesth Analg 82:1166–1169

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Needs CJ, Brooks PM (1985) Antiirheumatic medication during lactation. Br J Rheumatol 24(3):291–297

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Townsend RJ, Benedetti TJ, Erickson SH et al (1984) Excretion of ibuprofen into breast milk. Am J Obstet Gynecol 149:184–186

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Perrott DA, Piira T, Goodenough B et al (2004) Efficacy and safety of acetaminophen vs ibuprofen for treating children’s pain or fever: a meta-analysis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 158(6):521–526

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Aranda JV, Thomas R (2006) Systematic review: intravenous ibuprofen in preterm newborns. Semin Perinatol 30:114–120

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Ohlsson A, Walia R, Shah SS (2010). Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm and/or low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. CD003481

  26. Davanzo R (2005) Farmaci ed allattamento al seno. In: Farmaci e gravidanza. La valutazione del rischio basata su prove di efficacia. Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (AIFA) Ministero della Salute Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato S.p.A. Roma

  27. Jacqz-Aigrain E, Serreau R, Boissinot C et al (2007) Excretion of ketoprofen and nalbuphine in human milk during treatment of maternal pain after delivery. Ther Drug Monit 29(6):815–818

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Risser A, Donovan D, Heintzman J et al (2009) NSAID prescribing precautions. Am Fam Physician 80:1371–1378

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Jamali F, Stevens DR (1983) Naproxen excretion in milk and its uptake by the infant. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 17:910–911

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Fidalgo I, Correa R, Gomez Carrasco JA et al (1989) Acute anemia, rectorrhagia and hematuria caused by ingestion of naproxen. An Esp Pediatr 30:317–319

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ito S, Blajchman A, Stephenson M et al (1993) Prospective follow-up of adverse reactions in breast-fed infants exposed to maternal medication. Am J Obstet Gynecol 168:1393–1399

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Goadsby PJ, Goldberg J, Silberstein SD (2008) Migraine in pregnancy. Br Med J 336:1502–1504

    Google Scholar 

  33. Silberstein SD, Goadsby PJ (2002) Migraine: preventive treatment. Cephalalgia 22(7):491–512

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Duong S, Bozzo P, Nordeng H et al (2010) Safety of triptans for migraine headaches during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Can Fam Physician 56:537–539

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  35. Eiland LS, Hunt MO (2010) The use of triptans for pediatric migraines. Paediatr Drugs 12:379–389

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. O’Brien HL, Kabbouche MA, Hershey AD (2010) Treatment of acute migraine in the pediatric population. Curr Treat Options Neurol 12(3):178–185

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Wojnar-Horton RE, Hackett LP, Yapp P et al (1996) Distribution and excretion of sumatriptan in human milk. Br J Clin Pharmacol 41:217–221

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs (2001) The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics 108(3):776–789

    Google Scholar 

  39. Jurgens TP, Schaefer C, May A (2009) Treatment of cluster headache in pregnancy and lactation. Cephalalgia 29(4):391–400

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Thorley KJ, McAinsh J (1983) Levels of the beta-blockers atenolol and propranolol in the breast milk of women treated for hypertension in pregnancy. Biopharm Drug Dispos 4(3):299–301

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Liedholm H, Melander A, Bitzen PO et al (1981) Accumulation of atenolol and metoprolol in human breast milk. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 20:229–231

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. White WB, Andreoli JW, Wong SH et al (1984) Atenolol in human plasma and breast milk. Obstet Gynecol 63(3 Suppl):42S–44S

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Eyal S, Kim JD, Anderson GD et al (2010) Atenolol pharmacokinetics and excretion in breast milk during the first 6 to 8 months postpartum. J Clin Pharmacol 50:1301–1309

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  44. Schimmel MS, Eidelman AI, Wilschanski MA et al (1989) Toxic effects of atenolol consumed during breast feeding. J Pediatr 114:476–478

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Sandstrom B, Regardh CG (1980) Metoprolol excretion into breast milk. Br J Clin Pharmacol 9(5):518–519

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  46. Kulas J, Lunell NO, Rosing U et al (1984) Atenolol and metoprolol. A comparison of their excretion into human breast milk. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl 118:65–69

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Devlin RG, Duchin KL, Fleiss PM (1981) Nadolol in human serum and breast milk. Br J Clin Pharmacol 12:393–396

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  48. Davanzo R, Rubert L, Oretti C (2008) Meta-variability of advice on drugs in the breastfeeding mother: the example of beta-blockers. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 93:249–250

    Google Scholar 

  49. Anderson PO (1979) Propranolol in breast milk. Am J Psychiatry 136:466

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Tosoni C, Lodi-Rizzini F, Bettoni L et al (2003) Cinnarizine is a useful and well-tolerated drug in the treatment of acquired cold urticaria (ACU). Eur J Dermatol 13:54–56

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Turner D, Lurie Y, Finkelstein Y et al (2006) Pediatric cinnarizine overdose and toxicokinetics. Pediatrics 117:1067–1069

    Google Scholar 

  52. Andersen HJ (1983) Excretion of verapamil in human milk. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 25:279–280

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Anderson P, Bondesson U, Mattiasson I et al (1987) Verapamil and norverapamil in plasma and breast milk during breast feeding. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 31:625–627

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Gluskin LE, Strasberg B, Shah JH (1981) Verapamil-induced hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea. Ann Intern Med 95:66–67

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Fearrington EL, Rand CH, Rose JD (1983) Hyperprolactinemia-galactorrhea induced by verapamil. Am J Cardiol 51:1466–1467

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Davanzo R, Dal Bo S, Bua J et al (2013) Antiepileptic drugs and breastfeeding. Ital J Pediatr 39:50

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  57. Ohman I, Vitols S, Luef G et al (2002) Topiramate kinetics during delivery, lactation, and in the neonate: preliminary observations. Epilepsia 43(10):1157–1160

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Gentile S (2009) Topiramate in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Clin Drug Investig 29(2):139–141

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Wyllie E, Wyllie R (1991) Routine laboratory monitoring for serious adverse effects of antiepileptic medications: the controversy. Epilepsia 32(Suppl 5):S74–S79

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Chaudron LH, Jefferson JW (2000) Mood stabilizers during breastfeeding: a review. J Clin Psychiatry 61(2):79–90

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Meador KJ, Baker GA, Browning N et al (2010) NEAD Study Group. Effects of breastfeeding in children of women taking antiepileptic drugs. Neurology 75(22):1954–1960

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  62. Bar-Oz B, Nulman I, Koren G et al (2000) Anticonvulsants and breast feeding: a critical review. Paediatr Drugs 2:113–126

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Hagg S, Spigset O (2000) Anticonvulsant use during lactation. Drug Saf 22:425–440

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Wisner KL, Perel J (1998) Serum levels of valproate and carbamazepine in breastfeeding mother-infant pairs. J Clin Psychopharmacol 18(2):167–169

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Orny A (2009) Valporic acid in pregnancy: how much are we endangering the embryo and fetus? Reprod Toxicol 28(1):1–10

    Google Scholar 

  66. Smith AK, Conneely KN, Newport DJ et al (2012) Prenatal antiepileptic exposure associates with neonatal DNA methylation differences. Epigenetics 7(5):458–463

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  67. Stahl MM, Neiderud J, Vinge E (1997) Thrombocytopenic purpura and anemia in a breast-fed infant whose mother was treated with valproic acid. J Pediatr 130:1001–1003

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Wallace SJ (1996) A comparative review of the adverse effects of anticonvulsants in children with epilepsy. Drug Saf 15(6):378–393

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Perucca E (2002) Pharmacological and therapeutic properties of valproate: a summary after 35 years of clinical experience. CNS Drugs 16(10):695–714

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Eberhard-Gran M, Eskild A, Opjordsmoen S (2006) Use of psychotropic medications in treating mood disorders during lactation: practical recommendations. CNS Drugs 20(3):187–198

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Yoshida K, Smith B, Craggs M et al (1997) Investigation of pharmacokinetics and of possible adverse effects in infants exposed to tricyclic antidepressants in breast-milk. J Affect Disord 43:225–237

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Wisner KL, Perel JM, Findling RL (1996) Antidepressant treatment during breast-feeding. Am J Psychiatry 153:1132–1137

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Davanzo R, Copertino M, De Cunto A et al (2011) Antidepressant drugs and breastfeeding: a review of the literature. Breastfeed Med 6:89–98

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Nielsen RE, Damkier P (2012) Pharmacological treatment of unipolar depression during pregnancy and breast-feeding—a clinical overview. Nord J Psychiatry 66(3):159–166

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Bar-Oz B, Bulkowstein M, Benyamini L et al (2003) Use of antibiotic and analgesic drugs during lactation. Drug Saf 26:925–935

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Berlin CM Jr, Yaffe SJ, Ragni M (1980) Disposition of acetaminophen in milk, saliva, and plasma of lactating women. Pediatr Pharmacol (New York) 1(2):135–141

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Notarianni LJ, Oldham HG, Bennett PN (1987) Passage of paracetamol into breast milk and its subsequent metabolism by the neonate. Br J Clin Pharmacol 24:63–67

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  78. Palmer GM, Atkins M, Anderson BJ et al (2008) I.V. acetaminophen pharmacokinetics in neonates after multiple doses. Br J Anaesth 101:523–530

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Allegaert K, Naulaers G (2010) Haemodynamics of intravenous paracetamol in neonates. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 66:855–858

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Matheson I, Lunde PKM, Notarianni L (1985) Infant rash caused by paracetamol in breast milk? Pediatrics 76:651–652, Letter

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Berlin CM, Denson HM, Daniel CH et al (1984) Disposition of dietary caffeine in milk, saliva, and plasma of lactating women. Pediatrics 73:59–63

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Stavchansky S, Combs A, Sagraves R et al (1988) Pharmacokinetics of caffeine in breast milk and plasma after single oral administration of caffeine to lactating mothers. Biopharm Drug Dispos 9:285–299

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Ryu JE (1985) Effect of maternal caffeine consumption on heart rate and sleep time of breast-fed infants. Dev Pharmacol Ther 8:355–363

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Tyrala EE, Dodson WE (1979) Caffeine secretion into breast milk. Arch Dis Child 54:787–800

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  85. Gray PH, Flenady VJ, Charles BG et al (2011) Caffeine citrate for very preterm infants: effects on development, temperament and behaviour. J Paediatr Child Health 47:167–172

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. McNamara PJ, Abbassi M (2004) Neonatal exposure to drugs in breast milk. Pharm Res 21:555–566

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Liston J (1998) Breastfeeding and the use of recreational drugs–alcohol, caffeine, nicotine and marijuana. Breastfeed Rev 6:27–30

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Santos IS, Matijasevich A, Domingues MR (2012) Maternal caffeine consumption and infant nighttime waking: prospective cohort study. Pediatrics 129:860–868

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  89. Moretti ME, Lee A, Ito S (2000) Which drugs are contraindicated during breastfeeding? Practice guidelines. Can Fam Physician 46:1753–1757

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  90. Mahachoklertwattana P, Wanasuwankul S, Poomthavorn P et al (2009) Short-term cyproheptadine therapy in underweight children: effects on growth and serum insulin-like growth factor-I. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 22:425–432

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Wortsman J, Soler NG, Hirschowitz J (1979) Cyproheptadine in the management of the galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome. Ann Intern Med 90:923–925

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Fomina PI (1934) Untersuchungen uber den ubergang des aktiven Agens des Mutterkorns in die milch stillender Mutter. Arch Gynakol 157:275–285

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Jolivet A, Robyn C, Huraux-Rendu C et al (1978) Effect of ergot alkaloid derivatives on milk secretion in the immediate postpartum period. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 7(1):129–134

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Shane JM, Naftolin F (1974) Effect of ergonovine maleate on puerperal prolactin. Am J Obstet Gynecol 120:129–131

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. British National Formulary (BNF) (2010). British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, London

  96. Azzopardi TD, Brooks NA (2008) Oral metoclopramide as an adjunct to analgesics for the outpatient treatment of acute migraine. Ann Pharmacother 42:397–402

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Friedman BW, Mulvey L, Esses D et al (2011) Metoclopramide for acute migraine: a dose-finding randomized clinical trial. Ann Emerg Med 57:475–482

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  98. Ingram J, Taylor H, Churchill C (2012) Metoclopramide or domperidone for increasing maternal breast milk output: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 97(4):F241–F245

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Zuppa AA, Sindico P, Orchi C et al (2010) Safety and efficacy of galactogogues: substances that induce, maintain and increase breast milk production. J Pharm Pharm Sci 13:162–174

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Ehrenkranz RA, Ackerman BA (1986) Metoclopramide effect on faltering milk production by mothers of premature infants. Pediatrics 78:614–620

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Kauppila A, Arvela P, Koivisto M et al (1983) Metoclopramide and breast feeding: transfer into milk and the newborn. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 25:819–823

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Barnes NP, James EK (2009). Migraine headache in children. Clin Evid (Online)

  103. Silcocks P, Whitham D, Whitehouse WP (2010) P3MC: a double blind parallel group randomised placebo controlled trial of propranolol and pizotifen in preventing migraine in children. Trials 11:71

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  104. Briars GL, Travis SE, Anand B et al (2008) Weight gain with pizotifen therapy. Arch Dis Child 93(7):590–593

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Ip S, Chung M, Raman G, et al. (2007). Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in developed countries. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep). (153):1–186.

  106. Schirm E, Schwagermann MP, Tobi H et al (2004) Drug use during breastfeeding. A survey from the Netherlands. Eur J Clin Nutr 58(2):386–390

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Anderson A (2003) Breastfeeding: societal encouragement needed. J Hum Nutr Diet 16(4):217–218

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Taketomo CK (2012–2013) Pediatric and neonatal dosage handbook. Lexi-Comp, Hudson, OH

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank Prof Thomas Hale, Texas Tech University, School of Medicine, Amarillo, Texas, for helpful advice.

Conflict of interest

This study was performed without any funding or grants. All authors declare that they have no competing interest and do not have any financial relationships with any biotechnology and/or pharmaceutical manufacturers.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Giulia Facchina.

Additional information

Authors’ contributions

RD: conception and design. All authors: collection, assembly and analysis and interpretation of the data. GP, GF, and RD: drafting of the article. RD and JB: critical revision of the article for important intellectual content. All authors listed here have seen and approved the final version of the report.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Davanzo, R., Bua, J., Paloni, G. et al. Breastfeeding and migraine drugs. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 70, 1313–1324 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-014-1748-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-014-1748-0

Keywords

Navigation