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The dopamine D4 receptor: biochemical and signalling properties

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Abstract

Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter that regulates several key functions in the brain, such as motor output, motivation and reward, learning and memory, and endocrine regulation. Dopamine does not mediate fast synaptic transmission, but rather modulates it by triggering slow-acting effects through the activation of dopamine receptors, which belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily. Besides activating different effectors through G-protein coupling, dopamine receptors also signal through interaction with a variety of proteins, collectively termed dopamine receptor-interacting proteins. We focus on the dopamine D4 receptor, which contains an important polymorphism in its third intracellular loop. This polymorphism has been the subject of numerous studies investigating links with several brain disorders, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia. We provide an overview of the structure, signalling properties and regulation of dopamine D4 receptors, and briefly discuss their physiological and pathophysiological role in the brain.

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Acknowledgments

The dopamine D4 receptor work was financially supported by FWO (Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek) Vlaanderen (project no. G010909N). Kathleen Van Craenenbroeck has a post-doctoral FWO fellowship.

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  1. Pieter Rondou

    Present address: Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (CMGG), Ghent University Hospital, Medical Research Building, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

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  1. Laboratory of Eukaryotic Gene Expression and Signal Transduction (LEGEST), Ghent University (UGent), K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Pieter Rondou, Guy Haegeman & Kathleen Van Craenenbroeck

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Rondou, P., Haegeman, G. & Van Craenenbroeck, K. The dopamine D4 receptor: biochemical and signalling properties. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 67, 1971–1986 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-010-0293-y

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