Table 9.

Detailed results and statistical analyses related to the avoidance behavior

Novel object habituation
						Genotype			Cohort			Genotype × cohort			Pairwise comparisons
	Test	Data structure	WT	Het	KO	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	WT vs Het	WT vs KO	Het vs KO
Total distance (cm)	2wANOVAA	Nonnormal	3616.84 ± 351.4	3111.83 ± 221.31	3118.64 ± 277.29	0.724	0.490	0.166	15.022	0.000	0.967	0.927	0.402	0.202	−	−	−
Time in left side (s)	2wANOVA	Normal	314.74 ± 20.15	306.42 ± 15.26	276.81 ± 23.06	1.079	0.348	0.229	0.100	0.753	0.061	2.014	0.144	0.397	−	−	−
Time in right side (s)	2wANOVA	Normal	284.74 ± 20.17	293.06 ± 15.23	322.76 ± 23.1	1.086	0.345	0.230	0.112	0.739	0.062	2.009	0.145	0.396	−	−	−

Time spend in left vs right half side	Test	Data structure				All F	All p value	Power	WT F	WT p value	Power	Het F	Het p value	Power	KO F	KO p value	Power
- Side	rMeasures	Sph.ass				0.001	0.979	0.052	0.445	0.514	0.097	0.145	0.708	0.065	1.249	0.279	0.184
- Cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				12.824	0.001	0.937	3.326	0.086	0.406	10.401	0.005	0.860	3.035	0.100	0.376
- Side × cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				0.044	0.835	0.062	0.096	0.761	0.060	1.352	0.261	0.195	2.506	0.132	0.321

Novel object recognition: training with two identical objects
						Genotype			Cohort			Genotype × cohort			Pairwise comparisons
	Test	Data structure	WT	Het	KO	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	WT vsHet	WT vs KO	Het vs KO
Total distance (cm)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	2421.86 ± 196.94	2175 ± 173.66	1631.78 ± 118.14	5.366	0.008	0.820	2.961	0.091	0.393	0.804	0.453	0.180	0.540	0.004	0.059
Time in left side (s)	2wANOVA	Normal	150.86 ± 9.32	148.91 ± 10.25	176.59 ± 16.36	1.489	0.235	0.303	0.040	0.843	0.054	0.905	0.411	0.198	−	−	−
Time in right side (s)	2wANOVA	Normal	148.86 ± 9.35	150.82 ± 10.23	122.95 ± 16.33	1.511	0.230	0.307	0.042	0.839	0.055	0.896	0.414	0.196	−	−	−
Number of side switches	2wANOVA	Normal	15.94 ± 1.28	14.26 ± 1	13.89 ± 1.21	0.822	0.445	0.183	0.259	0.613	0.079	0.459	0.635	0.121	−	−	−
Number of left object exploration	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	21.84 ± 2.83	19.52 ± 2.54	14.1 ± 1.67	2.641	0.081	0.502	0.335	0.565	0.088	1.071	0.350	0.227	0.777	0.070	0.261
Number of right object exploration	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	33.42 ± 7.21	28.84 ± 7.87	16.78 ± 2.65	1.558	0.220	0.316	2.295	0.136	0.318	0.443	0.645	0.118	−	−	−
Time exploring left object (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	22.2 ± 3.15	19.89 ± 3.1	10.67 ± 2.11	4.527	0.015	0.747	0.536	0.467	0.111	0.993	0.377	0.214	0.834	0.016	0.066
Time exploring right object (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	23.97 ± 3.28	23.94 ± 4.06	11.28 ± 2.37	5.322	0.008	0.817	2.582	0.114	0.351	0.277	0.759	0.092	1.000	0.024	0.025
Latency to left object (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	15.89 ± 4.3	21.74 ± 7.62	20.67 ± 3.94	0.353	0.704	0.104	0.068	0.796	0.057	0.138	0.872	0.070	−	−	−
Latency to right object (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	15.03 ± 3.6	13.99 ± 5.42	17.92 ± 3.01	0.348	0.708	0.103	3.325	0.074	0.432	0.816	0.448	0.182	−	−	−
Total number of object exploration	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	55.26 ± 9.69	48.36 ± 9.86	30.89 ± 4.09	1.992	0.147	0.393	0.959	0.332	0.161	0.596	0.555	0.144	−	−	−
Total time exploring objects (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	46.18 ± 5.82	43.83 ± 6.59	21.95 ± 4.26	5.733	0.006	0.846	1.680	0.201	0.246	0.041	0.960	0.056	0.954	0.011	0.024
Latency to any object (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	8.92 ± 3.11	13.43 ± 5.8	17.5 ± 3.36	0.674	0.514	0.157	1.455	0.233	0.220	0.482	0.621	0.125	−	−	−

Sniffing time,left vs right (s)	Test	Data structure				All F	All p value	Power	WT F	WT p value	Power	Het F	Het p value	Power	KO F	KO p value	Power
- Side	rMeasures	Sph.ass				2.505	0.119	0.343	1.375	0.257	0.198	1.701	0.209	0.234	0.128	0.725	0.063
- Cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				0.943	0.336	0.159	0.245	0.627	0.075	0.607	0.447	0.114	1.226	0.284	0.182
- Side × cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				1.598	0.211	0.237	7.358	0.015	0.725	0.829	0.375	0.138	1.756	0.203	0.240

Number of interactions, left vs right	Test	Data structure				All F	All p value	Power	WT F	WT p value	Power	Het F	Het p value	Power	KO F	KO p value	Power
- Side	rMeasures	Sph.ass				8.030	0.006	0.795	4.264	0.055	0.495	2.075	0.168	0.275	3.519	0.078	0.425
- Cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				1.277	0.263	0.199	1.149	0.299	0.173	0.375	0.548	0.089	0.311	0.585	0.082
- Side × cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				6.312	0.015	0.694	1.703	0.209	0.234	2.023	0.173	0.269	6.059	0.025	0.641

Time in left vs right halves (s)	Test	Data structure				All F	All p value	Power	WT F	WT p value	Power	Het F	Het p value	Power	KO F	KO p value	Power
- Side	rMeasures	Sph.ass				1.555	0.218	0.232	0.000	0.994	0.050	0.013	0.909	0.051	2.506	0.132	0.321
- Cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				0.591	0.445	0.117	0.142	0.711	0.065	3.906	0.065	0.462	0.161	0.693	0.067
- Side × cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				0.110	0.742	0.062	0.371	0.551	0.089	0.224	0.642	0.073	0.856	0.368	0.141

Novel object recognition: test with one new object
						Genotype			Cohort			Genotype × cohort			Pairwise comparisons
	Test	Data structure	WT	Het	KO	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	WT vs Het	WT vs KO	Het vs KO
Total distance (cm)	2wANOVA	Normal	1973.56 ± 156.94	1482.1 ± 167.46	1057.83 ± 110.93	9.082	0.000	0.968	0.000	0.989	0.050	1.066	0.352	0.227	0.059	0.000	0.117
Time in new object side (s)	2wANOVA	Normal	151.59 ± 9.78	143.64 ± 15.18	174.14 ± 19.84	0.985	0.380	0.212	0.004	0.947	0.050	0.545	0.583	0.135	−	−	−
Time pre-exposed object side (s)	2wANOVA	Normal	147.79 ± 9.8	155.86 ± 15.26	125.22 ± 19.97	0.983	0.381	0.212	0.001	0.972	0.050	0.533	0.590	0.133	−	−	−
Number of side switches	2wANOVA	Normal	14.57 ± 0.77	9.84 ± 1.32	8.52 ± 1.05	8.853	0.001	0.964	0.422	0.519	0.098	1.128	0.332	0.238	0.009	0.001	0.666
Number of new object exploration	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	22.73 ± 2.66	17.84 ± 2.68	6.26 ± 0.93	14.115	0.000	0.998	1.316	0.257	0.203	0.241	0.787	0.086	0.289	0.000	0.002
Number of pre-exposed object exploration	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	18.52 ± 4.35	13.05 ± 2.92	5.78 ± 0.76	3.898	0.027	0.678	1.389	0.244	0.212	1.540	0.224	0.312	0.413	0.012	0.216
Time exploring new object (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	27.84 ± 3.58	21.74 ± 2.89	6.04 ± 1.39	20.724	0.000	1.000	11.516	0.001	0.915	0.182	0.835	0.077	0.225	0.000	0.000
Time exploring pre-exposed object (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	12.49 ± 2.05	12.03 ± 2.55	3.8 ± 0.78	6.051	0.004	0.866	0.047	0.829	0.055	0.351	0.706	0.103	0.985	0.009	0.014
Latency new object (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	16.68 ± 5.17	50.97 ± 18.18	72.65 ± 14.88	3.295	0.045	0.600	1.589	0.213	0.236	0.299	0.743	0.095	0.193	0.043	0.753
Latency to pre-exposed object (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	30.73 ± 8.99	49.62 ± 18.45	68.71 ± 13.88	1.728	0.188	0.346	0.164	0.687	0.068	0.245	0.783	0.087	−	−	−
Total number of object exploration	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	41.26 ± 6.59	30.89 ± 5.37	12.05 ± 1.53	8.267	0.001	0.952	0.036	0.850	0.054	0.920	0.405	0.200	0.321	0.000	0.029
Total time exploringobjects (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	40.33 ± 5.04	33.77 ± 4.55	9.85 ± 1.88	17.130	0.000	1.000	5.284	0.026	0.616	0.009	0.991	0.051	0.481	0.000	0.000
Novel object, latency to observe any object (s)	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	14.17 ± 4.79	16.53 ± 7.27	41.36 ± 11.68	2.538	0.089	0.485	3.004	0.089	0.398	0.853	0.432	0.188	0.581	0.081	0.459

Sniffing time, new vs pre-exposed object	Test	Data structure				All F	All p value	Power	WT F	WT p value	Power	Het F	Het p value	Power	KO F	KO p value	Power
- Side	rMeasures	Sph.ass				37.818	0.000	1.000	37.629	0.000	1.000	13.312	0.002	0.930	3.302	0.087	0.403
- Cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				2.146	0.149	0.302	1.221	0.285	0.181	1.164	0.296	0.175	14.732	0.001	0.951
- Side × cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				8.100	0.006	0.798	5.648	0.029	0.611	4.628	0.046	0.528	3.660	0.073	0.439

Number of interactions, new vs pre-exposed	Test	Data structure				All F	All p value	Power	WT F	WT p value	Power	Het F	Het p value	Power	KO F	KO p value	Power
- Side	rMeasures	Sph.ass				9.499	0.003	0.857	3.824	0.067	0.454	11.442	0.004	0.890	0.314	0.582	0.083
- Cohor	rMeasures	Sph.ass				0.221	0.640	0.075	0.567	0.462	0.110	0.045	0.835	0.055	16.708	0.001	0.970
- Side × cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				9.882	0.003	0.870	5.751	0.028	0.618	5.258	0.035	0.580	1.686	0.211	0.232

Time in new vs pre-exposed halves (s)	Test	Data structure				All F	All p value	Power	WT F	WT p value	Power	Het F	Het p value	Power	KO F	KO p value	Power
- Side	rMeasures	Sph.ass				0.565	0.456	0.114	0.029	0.867	0.053	0.185	0.673	0.069	1.375	0.257	0.198
- Cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				5.062	0.028	0.599	2.758	0.115	0.347	2.527	0.130	0.323	1.348	0.262	0.195
- Side × cohort	rMeasures	Sph.ass				0.020	0.889	0.052	0.010	0.920	0.051	0.446	0.513	0.097	0.397	0.537	0.091

Marble burying
						Genotype			Cohort			Genotype × cohort			Pairwise comparisons
	Test	Data structure	WT	Het	KO	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	WT vs Het	WT vs KO	Het vs KO
Number of burried marbles	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	13.63 ± 1.29	13.78 ± 1	3.77 ± 1.07	18.723	0.000	1.000	0.069	0.793	0.217	0.370	0.693	0.051	0.995	0.000	0.000

Repetitive novel object contact task, exploration
						Genotype			Cohort			Genotype × cohort			Pairwise comparisons
	Test	Data structure	WT	Het	KO	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	WT vs Het	WT vs KO	Het vs KO
Time exploring all the objects	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	82.08 ± 11.28	84.8 ± 7	53.37 ± 5.01	7.964	0.001	0.943	24.654	0.000	0.998	0.647	0.528	0.152	0.956	0.014	0.006
Total number of object interactions	2wANOVA	Normal	83.27 ± 7.92	94.21 ± 6.22	83.47 ± 6.4	2.108	0.133	0.412	73.475	0.000	1.000	1.110	0.338	0.234	−	−	−

Nest building
						Genotype			Cohort			Genotype × cohort			Pairwise comparisons
	Test	Data structure	WT	Het	KO	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	F	p value	Power	WT vs Het	WT vs KO	Het vs KO
Nest shredded	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	1.84 ± 0.08	1.94 ± 0.05	1.36 ± 0.15	7.785	0.001	0.939	2.814	0.100	0.377	0.364	0.697	0.105	0.455	0.005	0.000
Nest dispersion	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	1.94 ± 0.05	1.94 ± 0.05	1.73 ± 0.14	1.580	0.216	0.320	0.919	0.342	0.156	3.425	0.040	0.618	−	−	−
Nest density	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	1.26 ± 0.14	0.73 ± 0.16	0.73 ± 0.21	2.726	0.075	0.515	0.393	0.534	0.094	0.266	0.768	0.090	0.050	0.046	0.966
Nest shape	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	2.57 ± 0.19	2.05 ± 0.23	1.36 ± 0.27	5.851	0.005	0.854	3.065	0.086	0.404	0.097	0.908	0.064	0.153	0.001	0.055
Nest walls	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	1.21 ± 0.14	1 ± 0.18	0.42 ± 0.17	5.649	0.006	0.840	0.097	0.756	0.061	0.833	0.440	0.185	0.359	0.002	0.023
Nest total score	2wANOVA	Nonnormal	8.84 ± 0.45	7.68 ± 0.51	5.63 ± 0.73	7.223	0.002	0.921	1.121	0.295	0.180	0.020	0.980	0.053	0.184	0.000	0.019

WT, wild-type mice; Het, heterozygous mice; KO, homozygous knock-out mice. Group values are reported as mean ± SEM. Bold font indicates significant results (p < 0.05). Individual results and statistical analyses for cohorts 1 and 2 are available in Extended Data Table 9-1. 2wANOVA: 2-way ANOVA, rMeasures: repeated measures, Sph.ass: sphericity assumed, gen: genotype, coh: cohort.