A summary of statistical analyses
| Line | Dependent variable | Test | Statistic | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | Average endpoint hand angles during last epoch of the baseline phase for all groups in experiment 1 | Two-way ANOVA | Structure_F(1,36) = 0.60, report_F(1,36) = 4.12, interaction_F(1,36) = 0.20 | Structure_partial η2 = 0.01, p = 0.4441; report_partial η2 = 0.1, p = 0.0498; interaction_partial η2 = 0.01, p = 0.6579 |
| b | Average endpoint hand angles for nostructure-noreport and nostructure-report groups during last epoch of the baseline phase and average endpoint hand angles for the exposure phase | Paired t test | Nostructure-noreport_t(9) = -0.77 | Nostructure-noreport _CI: −0.8441/0.4141, p = 0.4593; nostructure-report_CI: 0.2853/2.9324, p = 0.0225 |
| Nostructure-report_t(9) = 2.75 | ||||
| c | Correlation coefficients for exposure phase endpoint hand angles and rotation solutions for structure-report and structure-noreport groups | Two-sample t test | t(18) = 2.94 | CI: 0.0699/ |
| 0.4207, p = 0.0088 | ||||
| d | Endpoint hand angle-solution regression slopes for structure-report and structure-noreport groups | One-sample t test | Structure-report_t(9) = 14.90, structure-noreport_t(9) = 7.40 | Structure-report _CI: 0.6139/0.8336, p = 1.1967e-07; structure-noreport_CI: 0.3582/0.6735, p = 4.0938e-05 |
| e | Endpoint hand angle-solution regression slopes for structure-report and structure-noreport groups | Two-sample t test | t(18) = 2.45 | CI: 0.0294/0.3864, p = 0.0249 |
| f | Aiming angle-solution regression slope for structure-report group | One-sample t test | t(9) = 13.31 | CI: 0.6063/0.8546, p = 3.1703e-07 |
| g | Implicit angle-solution regression slope for structure-report group | One-sample t test | t(9) = −0.12 | CI: −0.0463/0.0418, p = 0.9106 |
| h | Average endpoint hand angles for all groups in experiment 1 during last epoch of the feedback-washout phase | Two-way ANOVA | Structure_F(1,36) = 5.31, report_F(1,36) = 4.17, interaction_F(1,36) = 6.54 | Structure_partial η2 = 0.13, p = 0.0271; report_partial η2 = 0.10, p = 0.0484; interaction_partial η2 = 0.15, p = 0.0149 |
| i | Average aiming angles for structure-report and nostructure-report groups during last epoch of the feedback-washout phase | Two-sample t test | t(18) = −1.41 | CI: −0.2087/1.0525, p = 0.1769 |
| j | Average endpoint hand angles during first epoch of the test phase for all groups in experiment 1 | Two-way ANOVA | Structure_F(1,36) = 36.28, report_F(1,36) = 0.21, interaction_F(1,36) = 2.38 | Structure_partial η2 = 0.50, p = 6.48e-07; report_partial η2 = 0.01, p = 0.648; interaction_partial η2 = 0.06, interaction_ p = 0.132 |
| k | Average aiming angles and implicit angles during first epoch of the test phase for structure-report and nostructure-report groups | One-way MANOVA | F(1,18) = 24.60 | Pillai’s trace = 0.74, p = 9.582e-06 |
| l | Baseline-subtracted, average endpoint hand angles during first epoch of the no-feedback washout phase for all groups | Two-way ANOVA | Structure_F(1,36) = 3.55, report_F(1,36) = 0.57, interaction_F(1,36) = 0.55 | Structure_partial η2 = 0.09, p = 0.0677; report_partial η2 = 0.02, p = 0.4541; interaction_partial η2 = 0.02, p = 0.4620 |
| m | Average endpoint hand angles in experiment 2 during last epoch of the baseline phase for all groups | One-way ANOVA | F(2,39) = 0.76 | Partial η2 = 0.04, p = 0.4764 |
| n | Average endpoint hand radii in experiment 2 during last epoch of the baseline phase for all groups | One-way ANOVA | F(2,39) = 4.44 | Partial η2 = 0.19, p = 0.0182 |
| o | Average control group endpoint hand angles during last epoch of the baseline phase and exposure phase | Paired t test | t(13) = 2.64 | CI: 0.2869/2.8518, p = 0.0203 |
| p | Correlation coefficients for exposure phase reach performance and perturbation solutions for gain and rotation groups | Two-sample t test | t(26) = −2.10 | CI: 0.0034/0.3221, p = 0.0456 |
| q | Exposure phase reach-solution regression slopes for gain and rotation groups | One-sample t test | Gain_t(13) = 6.88, | Gain_CI: 0.2296/0.4396, p = 1.1109e-05; rotation_CI: 0.3739/0.6463, p = 1.9788e-06 |
| Rotation_t(13) = 8.09 | ||||
| r | Exposure phase reach-solution regression slopes for gain and rotation groups | Two-sample t test | t(26) = −2.20 | CI: −0.3391/−0.0119, p = 0.0365 |
| s | Average endpoint hand angles for all groups in experiment 2 during last epoch of the feedback-washout phase | One-way ANOVA | F(2,39) = 1.3 | Partial η2 = 0.06, p = 0.2850 |
| t | Average aiming angles for all groups in experiment 2 during last epoch of the feedback-washout phase | One-way ANOVA | F(2,39) = 5.63 | Partial η2 = 0.22, p = 0.0071 |
| u | Average endpoint hand radii for all groups in experiment 2 during last epoch of the feedback-washout phase | One-way ANOVA | F(2,39) = 0.68 | Partial η2 = 0.03, p = 0.5109 |
| v | Average aiming radii for all groups in experiment 2 during last epoch of the feedback-washout phase | One-way ANOVA | F(2,39) = 0.79 | Partial η2 = 0.04, p = 0.4608 |
| w | Average endpoint hand angles for all groups during first epoch of the test phase | One-way ANOVA | F(2,39) = 15.36 | Partial η2 = 0.44, p = 1.2049e-05 |
| x | Reaching radii for all groups during first epoch of the test phase | One-way ANOVA | F(2,39) = 0.11 | Partial η2 = 0.01, p = 0.8956 |
| y | Aiming radii for all groups during first epoch of the test phase | One-way ANOVA | F(2,39) = 0.19 | Partial η2 = 0.01, p = 0.8317 |
| z | Average aiming angles for all groups during first epoch of the test phase | One-way ANOVA | F(2,39) = 10.90 | Partial η2 = 0.36, p = 1.7326e-04 |
| aa | Average implicit angles for all groups during first epoch of the test phase | One-way ANOVA | F(2,39) = 0.99 | Partial η2 = 0.05, p = 0.3816 |
| bb | Average aiming angles and average endpoint hand angles during first epoch of test phase | Paired t tests | Rotation_t(13) = 0.35, | Rotation_CI:−5.0710/3.6744, p = 0.7356; gain_CI: −6.6180/15.0414, p = 0.4160; control_CI: −4.9148/1.2700, p = 0.2253 |
| gain_t(13) = −0.84, | ||||
| control_t(13) = 1.27 | ||||
| cc | Average aiming angles and average endpoint hand angles during first epoch of test phase | Pearson correlations | Rotation_r = 0.78, | Rotation_CI: 0.4269/0.9272, rotation_p = 0.0010; gain_CI: 0.5874/0.9523, p = 0.0001; control_CI: 0.7427/0.9726, p = 5.0555e-06 |
| gain_r = 0.85, | ||||
| control_r = 0.91 |
The first column specifies the superscript letter used to identify the statistical test within the manuscript, the second column lists the dependent variable on which the test is conducted, the third column lists the type of test used, the fourth column shows the test statistic, and the final column provides a measure of confidence appropriate for the type of test conducted.