Biomechanical and biophysical parameters for the simulation runs
Parameter | Symbol | Unit | Value | Source | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biomechanical Parameters | |||||
1 | Thickness of the leaflet | ![]() | nm | 2 | Plaksin et al., 2014 |
2 | Initial gap between the two leaflets (uncharged) | ![]() | 1.4 | ||
3 | Initial gap between the two leaflets (when charged) | ![]() | 1.26 (RS) | Calculated from equilibrium state using Plaksin et al., 2014, their Eq. 2 | |
4 | 1.26 (FS) | ||||
5 | 1.3 (LTS) | ||||
6 | 1.28 (TC) | ||||
7 | 1.21 (RE) | ||||
8 | Attraction/repulsion pressure coefficient | ![]() | Pa | 105 | Plaksin et al., 2014 |
9 | Exponent in the repulsion term | x | — | 5 | |
10 | Exponent in the attraction term | y | — | 3.3 | |
11 | Dynamic viscosity of the leaflets | ![]() | Pa·s | 0.035 | |
12 | Dynamic viscosity of the surrounding medium | ![]() | 0.7·10−3 | ||
13 | Diffusion coefficient of air in the surrounding medium | ![]() | m2·s−1 | 3·10−9 | |
14 | Density of the surrounding medium |
![]() | kg·m−3 | 1028 | |
15 | Speed of sound in the surrounding medium |
![]() | m·s−1 | 1515 | |
16 | Initial air molar concentration in the surrounding medium (O2+N2) |
![]() | mol·m−3 | 0.62 | |
17 | Henry’s constant for dissolved air in the surrounding medium |
![]() | Pa·m3·mol−1 | 1.63·105 | |
18 | Static pressure in the surrounding medium |
![]() | Pa | 105 | |
19 | Radius of the leaflets' boundary | a | nm | 32 | |
20 | Width of the boundary layer between the surrounding medium and the leaflets |
![]() | 0.5 | ||
21 | Areal modulus of the bilayer membrane |
![]() | N·m−1 | 0.24 | |
22 | Relative permittivity of the intramembrane cavity |
![]() | — | 1 | |
23 | Membrane baseline capacitance per unit area |
![]() | µF·cm−2 | 1 | |
24 | Surrounding medium temperature | Tem | K | 309.15 | Pospischil et al., 2008; Destexhe et al., 1998a |
Biophysical parameters | |||||
25 | Maximal conductance of Na+ channels | ![]() | mS·cm−2 | 56 (RS) | Pospischil et al., 2008 |
50 (RS; Fig. 7) | |||||
26 | 58 (FS) | ||||
50 (FS; Fig. 7) | |||||
27 | 50 (LTS) | ||||
28 | 90 (TC) | Destexhe et al., 1998a | |||
29 | 200 (RE) | ||||
30 | Maximal conductance of delayed-rectifier K+ channels | ![]() | 6 (RS) | Pospischil et al., 2008 | |
5 (RS; Fig. 7) | |||||
31 | 3.9 (FS) | ||||
10 (FS; Fig. 7) | |||||
32 | 4 (LTS) | ||||
5 (LTS; Fig. 7) | |||||
33 | 10 (TC) | Destexhe et al., 1998a | |||
34 | 20 (RE) | ||||
35 | Maximal conductance of slow non-inactivating K+ channels |
![]() | 0.075 (RS) | Pospischil et al., 2008 | |
0.07 (RS; Fig. 7) | |||||
36 | 0.0787 (FS) | ||||
0 (FS; Fig. 7) | |||||
37 | 0.028 (LTS) | ||||
0.03 (LTS; Fig. 7) | |||||
38 | Maximal conductance of low-threshold Ca2+ channels |
![]() | 0.4 (LTS) | ||
39 | 2 (TC) | Destexhe et al., 1998a | |||
40 | Maximal conductance of low- threshold Ca2+ channels | ![]() | 3 (RE) | ||
41 | Maximal conductance of leak potassium currents |
![]() | 0.0138 (TC) | ||
42 | Maximal conductance of hyperpolarization-activated mixed cationic current |
![]() | 0.0175 (TC) | ||
43 | Maximal conductance of non-voltage-dependent, nonspecific ions channels |
![]() | 0.0205 (RS) | Pospischil et al., 2008 | |
0.1 (RS; Fig. 7) | |||||
44 | 0.038 (FS) | ||||
0.15 (FS; Fig. 7) | |||||
45 | 0.019 (LTS) | ||||
0.01 (LTS; Fig. 7) | |||||
46 | 0.01 (TC) | Destexhe et al., 1998a | |||
47 | 0.05 (RE) | ||||
48 | Nernst potential of Na+ |
![]() | mV | 50 | Pospischil et al., 2008 |
49 | Nernst potential of K+ |
![]() | −90 | ||
50 | Nernst potential of Ca2+ (LTS neuron) |
![]() | 120 | ||
51 | Reversal potential of a hyperpolarization-activated mixed cationic current |
![]() | −40 | Destexhe et al., 1996a | |
52 | Nernst potential of non-voltage-dependent, nonspecific ion channels |
![]() | −70.3 (RS) | Pospischil et al., 2008 | |
−70 (RS; Fig. 7) | |||||
53 | −70.4 (FS) | ||||
−70 (FS; Fig. 7) | |||||
54 | −50 (LTS) | ||||
−85 (LTS; Fig. 7) | |||||
55 | −70 (TC) | Destexhe et al., 1998a | |||
56 | −90 (RE) | ||||
57 | Spike threshold adjustment parameter |
![]() | −56.2 (RS) | Pospischil et al., 2008 | |
−55 (RS; Fig. 7) | |||||
58 | −57.9 (FS) | ||||
−55 (FS; Fig. 7) | |||||
59 | −50 (LTS) | ||||
−55 (LTS; Fig. 7) | |||||
60 | −52 (TC) | Destexhe et al., 1998b | |||
61 | −67 (RE) | Destexhe et al., 1996b | |||
62 | Decay time constant for adaptation at slow non-inactivating K+ channels |
![]() | ms | 608 (RS) | Pospischil et al., 2008 |
1000 (RS; Fig. 7) | |||||
63 | 502 (FS) | ||||
1000 (FS; Fig. 7) | |||||
64 | 4000 (LTS) | ||||
1000 (LTS; Fig. 7) | |||||
65 | The resting potential of the cell membrane |
![]() | mV | −71.9 (RS) | Calculated from Pospischil et al., 2008 |
−70.4 (RS; Fig. 7) | |||||
66 | −71.4 (FS) | ||||
−70 (FS; Fig. 7) | |||||
67 | −54 (LTS) | ||||
−84.6 (LTS – Fig. 7) | |||||
68 | −63.4 (TC) | Calculated from Destexhe et al., 1998a | |||
69 | −89.5 (RE) | ||||
70 | The effective depth beneath the membrane area for calcium concentration calculations (for TC and RE neurons) |
![]() | nm | 100 | Destexhe et al., 1998a and Destexhe et al., 1996a |
71 | An extracellular Ca2+ concentration (for TC and RE neurons) |
![]() | mm | 2 | |
72 | Decay time constants of Ca2+ (for TC and RE neurons) |
![]() | ms | 5 | |
73 |
![]() |
![]() | mm −4· ms−1 | 2.5·107 | |
74 |
![]() |
![]() | ms−1 | 4·10−4 | |
75 |
![]() |
![]() | 0.1 | ||
76 |
![]() |
![]() | 0.001 | ||
77 | FS to RS neuron thalamic input current ratio | RTH | — | 1.4 | Hayut et al., 2011 |
78 | Thalamic DC current input to the RS neuron |
![]() | nA | 0.17 | Based on Destexhe and Paré.,1999 |
79 | AMPA synaptic currents reversal potential |
![]() | mV | 0 | Destexhe et al., 1996a |
80 | GABAA synaptic currents reversal potential |
![]() | -85 | ||
81 | Total maximal synaptic conductance used for RS to RS connection |
![]() | μS | 0.002 | Calculated from Vierling-Claassen et al., 2010 |
82 | Total maximal synaptic conductance used for RS to FS connection |
![]() | 0.04 | ||
83 | Total maximal synaptic conductance used for RS to LTS connection |
![]() | 0.09 | ||
84 | Total maximal synaptic conductance used for FS to RS connection |
![]() | 0.015 | ||
85 | Total maximal synaptic conductance used for FS to FS connection |
![]() | 0.135 | ||
86 | Total maximal synaptic conductance used for FS to LTS connection |
![]() | 0.86 | ||
87 | Total maximal synaptic conductance used for LTS to RS connection |
![]() | 0.135 | ||
88 | Total maximal synaptic conductance used for LTS to FS connection |
![]() | 0.02 | ||
89 | AMPA rise time constant |
![]() | ms | 0.1 | Vierling-Claassen et al., 2010 |
90 | AMPA decay time constant |
![]() | 3 | ||
91 | GABAA rise time constant from FS neuron |
![]() | 0.5 | ||
92 | GABAA decay time constant from FS neuron |
![]() | 8 | ||
93 | GABAA rise time constant from LTS neuron |
![]() | 0.5 | ||
94 | GABAA decay time constant from LTS neuron |
![]() | 50 | ||
95 | Short-term synaptic plasticity facilitation factor (from RS to LTS) | f | — | 0.2 | |
96 | Short-term synaptic plasticity facilitation factor time constant (from RS to LTS) |
![]() | ms | 200 | |
97 | Short-term synaptic plasticity facilitation factor (from RS to FS) | f | — | 0.5 | |
98 | Short-term synaptic plasticity facilitation factor time constant (from RS to FS) |
![]() | ms | 94 | |
99 | Short-term synaptic plasticity short-time depression factor (from RS to FS) |
![]() | — | 0.46 | |
100 | Short-term synaptic plasticity short-time depression factor time constant (from RS to FS) |
![]() | ms | 380 | |
101 | Short-term synaptic plasticity long-time depression factor (from RS to FS) |
![]() | — | 0.975 | |
102 | Short-term synaptic plasticity long-time depression factor time constant (from RS to FS) |
![]() | ms | 9200 | |
103 | Neuronal cell membrane area | A | μm2 | 11.88·103 (RS) | Pospischil et al., 2008 |
104 | 10.17·103 (FS) | ||||
105 | 25·103 (LTS) | ||||
106 | 29·103 (TC) | Destexhe et al., 1998a | |||
107 | 14·103 (RE) |
The synaptic strengths were calculated from Vierling-Claassen et al. (2010), multiplying their individual synaptic strengths by the average number of converging connections from each type (Vierling-Claassen et al., 2010, their Table 3) and by the ratio of membrane areas between the NICE-neuron model and the respective model in their study. The latter normalization is consistent with an assumption that the total number of putative synapses on the dendrites and soma are proportional to a neuron's size (Gibbins et al., 1998).