Table 1.

Biomechanical and biophysical parameters for the simulation runs

ParameterSymbolUnitValueSource
Biomechanical Parameters
1Thickness of the leafletEmbedded Imagenm2Plaksin et al., 2014
2Initial gap between the two leaflets (uncharged)Embedded Image1.4
3Initial gap between the two leaflets (when charged)Embedded Image1.26 (RS)Calculated from equilibrium state using Plaksin et al., 2014, their Eq. 2
41.26 (FS)
51.3 (LTS)
61.28 (TC)
71.21 (RE)
8Attraction/repulsion pressure coefficientEmbedded ImagePa105Plaksin et al., 2014
9Exponent in the repulsion termx5
10Exponent in the attraction termy3.3
11Dynamic viscosity of the leafletsEmbedded ImagePa·s0.035
12Dynamic viscosity of the surrounding mediumEmbedded Image0.7·10−3
13Diffusion coefficient of air in the surrounding mediumEmbedded Imagem2·s−13·10−9
14Density of the surrounding medium Embedded Image kg·m−31028
15Speed of sound in the surrounding medium Embedded Image m·s−11515
16Initial air molar concentration in the surrounding medium (O2+N2) Embedded Image mol·m−30.62
17Henry’s constant for dissolved air in the surrounding medium Embedded Image Pa·m3·mol−11.63·105
18Static pressure in the surrounding medium Embedded Image Pa105
19Radius of the leaflets' boundarya nm32
20Width of the boundary layer between the surrounding medium and the leaflets Embedded Image 0.5
21Areal modulus of the bilayer membrane Embedded Image N·m−10.24
22Relative permittivity of the intramembrane cavity Embedded Image 1
23Membrane baseline capacitance per unit area Embedded Image µF·cm−21
24Surrounding medium temperatureTemK309.15Pospischil et al., 2008; Destexhe et al., 1998a
Biophysical parameters
25Maximal conductance of Na+ channelsEmbedded Image mS·cm−256 (RS)Pospischil et al., 2008
50 (RS; Fig. 7)
2658 (FS)
50 (FS; Fig. 7)
2750 (LTS)
2890 (TC)Destexhe et al., 1998a
29200 (RE)
30Maximal conductance of delayed-rectifier K+ channelsEmbedded Image 6 (RS)Pospischil et al., 2008
5 (RS; Fig. 7)
313.9 (FS)
10 (FS; Fig. 7)
324 (LTS)
5 (LTS; Fig. 7)
3310 (TC) Destexhe et al., 1998a
3420 (RE)
35Maximal conductance of slow non-inactivating K+ channels Embedded Image 0.075 (RS) Pospischil et al., 2008
0.07 (RS; Fig. 7)
360.0787 (FS)
0 (FS; Fig. 7)
370.028 (LTS)
0.03 (LTS; Fig. 7)
38Maximal conductance of low-threshold Ca2+ channels Embedded Image 0.4 (LTS)
392 (TC)Destexhe et al., 1998a
40Maximal conductance of low- threshold Ca2+ channelsEmbedded Image 3 (RE)
41Maximal conductance of leak potassium currents Embedded Image 0.0138 (TC)
42Maximal conductance of hyperpolarization-activated mixed cationic current Embedded Image 0.0175 (TC)
43Maximal conductance of non-voltage-dependent, nonspecific ions channels Embedded Image 0.0205 (RS) Pospischil et al., 2008
0.1 (RS; Fig. 7)
440.038 (FS)
0.15 (FS; Fig. 7)
450.019 (LTS)
0.01 (LTS; Fig. 7)
460.01 (TC)Destexhe et al., 1998a
470.05 (RE)
48Nernst potential of Na+ Embedded Image mV50 Pospischil et al., 2008
49Nernst potential of K+ Embedded Image −90
50Nernst potential of Ca2+ (LTS neuron) Embedded Image 120
51Reversal potential of a hyperpolarization-activated mixed cationic current Embedded Image −40 Destexhe et al., 1996a
52Nernst potential of non-voltage-dependent, nonspecific ion channels Embedded Image −70.3 (RS)Pospischil et al., 2008
−70 (RS; Fig. 7)
53−70.4 (FS)
−70 (FS; Fig. 7)
54−50 (LTS)
−85 (LTS; Fig. 7)
55−70 (TC)Destexhe et al., 1998a
56−90 (RE)
57Spike threshold adjustment parameter Embedded Image −56.2 (RS) Pospischil et al., 2008
−55 (RS; Fig. 7)
58−57.9 (FS)
−55 (FS; Fig. 7)
59−50 (LTS)
−55 (LTS; Fig. 7)
60−52 (TC) Destexhe et al., 1998b
61−67 (RE) Destexhe et al., 1996b
62Decay time constant for adaptation at slow non-inactivating K+ channels Embedded Image ms608 (RS) Pospischil et al., 2008
1000 (RS; Fig. 7)
63502 (FS)
1000 (FS; Fig. 7)
644000 (LTS)
1000 (LTS; Fig. 7)
65The resting potential of the cell membrane Embedded Image mV−71.9 (RS)Calculated from Pospischil et al., 2008
−70.4 (RS; Fig. 7)
66−71.4 (FS)
−70 (FS; Fig. 7)
67−54 (LTS)
−84.6 (LTS – Fig. 7)
68−63.4 (TC)Calculated from Destexhe et al., 1998a
69−89.5 (RE)
70The effective depth beneath the membrane area for calcium concentration calculations (for TC and RE neurons) Embedded Image nm100 Destexhe et al., 1998a and Destexhe et al., 1996a
71An extracellular Ca2+ concentration (for TC and RE neurons) Embedded Image mm2
72Decay time constants of Ca2+ (for TC and RE neurons) Embedded Image ms5
73 Embedded Image current Ca2+ regulation factor Embedded Image mm −4· ms−12.5·107
74 Embedded Image current Ca2+ regulation factor Embedded Image ms−14·10−4
75 Embedded Image current Ca2+ regulation factor Embedded Image 0.1
76 Embedded Image current Ca2+ regulation factor Embedded Image 0.001
77FS to RS neuron thalamic input current ratioRTH 1.4 Hayut et al., 2011
78Thalamic DC current input to the RS neuron Embedded Image nA0.17Based on Destexhe and Paré.,1999
79AMPA synaptic currents reversal potential Embedded Image mV0 Destexhe et al., 1996a
80GABAA synaptic currents reversal potential Embedded Image -85
81Total maximal synaptic conductance used for RS to RS connection Embedded Image μS0.002Calculated from Vierling-Claassen et al., 2010
82Total maximal synaptic conductance used for RS to FS connection Embedded Image 0.04
83Total maximal synaptic conductance used for RS to LTS connection Embedded Image 0.09
84Total maximal synaptic conductance used for FS to RS connection Embedded Image 0.015
85Total maximal synaptic conductance used for FS to FS connection Embedded Image 0.135
86Total maximal synaptic conductance used for FS to LTS connection Embedded Image 0.86
87Total maximal synaptic conductance used for LTS to RS connection Embedded Image 0.135
88Total maximal synaptic conductance used for LTS to FS connection Embedded Image 0.02
89AMPA rise time constant Embedded Image ms0.1 Vierling-Claassen et al., 2010
90AMPA decay time constant Embedded Image 3
91GABAA rise time constant from FS neuron Embedded Image 0.5
92GABAA decay time constant from FS neuron Embedded Image 8
93GABAA rise time constant from LTS neuron Embedded Image 0.5
94GABAA decay time constant from LTS neuron Embedded Image 50
95Short-term synaptic plasticity facilitation factor
(from RS to LTS)
f0.2
96Short-term synaptic plasticity facilitation factor time constant
(from RS to LTS)
Embedded Image ms200
97Short-term synaptic plasticity facilitation factor
(from RS to FS)
f0.5
98Short-term synaptic plasticity facilitation factor time constant
(from RS to FS)
Embedded Image ms94
99Short-term synaptic plasticity short-time depression factor
(from RS to FS)
Embedded Image 0.46
100Short-term synaptic plasticity short-time depression factor time constant
(from RS to FS)
Embedded Image ms380
101Short-term synaptic plasticity long-time depression factor
(from RS to FS)
Embedded Image 0.975
102Short-term synaptic plasticity long-time depression factor time constant
(from RS to FS)
Embedded Image ms9200
103Neuronal cell membrane areaA μm211.88·103 (RS) Pospischil et al., 2008
10410.17·103 (FS)
10525·103 (LTS)
10629·103 (TC) Destexhe et al., 1998a
10714·103 (RE)
  • The synaptic strengths were calculated from Vierling-Claassen et al. (2010), multiplying their individual synaptic strengths by the average number of converging connections from each type (Vierling-Claassen et al., 2010, their Table 3) and by the ratio of membrane areas between the NICE-neuron model and the respective model in their study. The latter normalization is consistent with an assumption that the total number of putative synapses on the dendrites and soma are proportional to a neuron's size (Gibbins et al., 1998).