Table 1.

Parameter estimates obtained with our method (in bold type) compared with published estimates obtained in similar experimental preparations

Parameter	Average ± SD	Range	Preparation	Temperature (°C)	Method	Reference
		2–77	Ferret mPFC, L5 to L5	32–34	MLE
	8.1 ± 5.3	3–18	Rat HC, CA1	34	H, QMLE	Larkman et al. (1997)
	5.1 ± 2.7	2.3–11.1	Rat SC, L4 spiny stellar to L2/3 pyramidal	35–37	MV	Silver et al. (2003)
N	7.48 ± 7.11	2–22	Rat VC and SC, various layers	35–36	MV, FA	Brémaud et al. (2007)
	12.21 ± 7.9	2–32	Cat VC, various layers	35–36	MV, FA	Brémaud et al. (2007)
	53.3 ± 42	7–170	Rat SC, L5 to L5	35	LS	Loebel et al. (2009)
	3.4 ± 2.2	1–7	Rat VC, L5 to L5	23–26/36	MV, H	Hardingham et al. (2010)
		0.06–0.32	Ferret mPFC, L5 to L5	32–34	MLE
	0.131 ± 0.145	0.084–0.197	Rat HC, CA1	34	H, QMLE	Larkman et al. (1991)
	0.196 ± 0.062	0.066–0.275	Rat HC, CA1	34	H, QMLE	Larkman et al. (1997)
q [mV]	0.15 ± 0.09		Rat SC, L4 spiny stellar to L2/3 pyramidal	35–37	MV	Silver et al. (2003)
	0.37 ± 0.17	0.15–1	Rat VC and SC, various layers	35–36	MV, FA	Brémaud et al. (2007)
	0.22 ± 0.19	0.07–1	Cat VC, various layers	35–36	MV, FA	Brémaud et al. (2007)
	0.13 ± 0.04	0.06–0.25	Rat SC, L5 to L5	35	LS	Loebel et al. (2009)
	0.211 ± 0.065	0.106–0.302	Rat VC, L5 to L5	23–26/36	MV, H	Hardingham et al. (2010)
		0.00–0.31	Ferret mPFC, L5 to L5	32–34	MLE
σ_q [mV]	0.052 ± 0.085	0.030–0.10	Rat HC, CA1	34	H, QMLE	Larkman et al. (1991)
	0.065 ± 0.15		Rat SC, L4 spiny stellar to L2/3 pyramidal	35–37	MV	Silver et al. (2003)
		0.05–0.73	Ferret mPFC, L5 to L5	32–34	MLE
	0.53 ± 0.17	0.14–0.81	Rat HC, CA1	34	H, QMLE	Larkman et al. (1997)
			Rat SC, L5 to L5	32–34	LS	Markram et al. (1998)
			Rat SC, L5 to L5	32–34	LS	Markram et al. (1998)
	0.79 ± 0.12		Rat SC, L4 spiny stellar to L2/3 pyramidal	35–37	MV	Silver et al. (2003)
U	0.46 ± 0.26*	0.15–0.95	Rat SC, L2/3 to L2/3	35	OQA	Koester and Johnston (2005)
	0.27 ± 0.15	0.03–0.6	Ferret mPFC, L5 to L5	32–34	LS	Wang et al. (2006)
	0.63 ± 0.6		Rat VC and SC, various layers	35–36	MV, FA	Brémaud et al. (2007)
	0.69 ± 0.18		Cat VC, various layers	35–36	MV, FA	Brémaud et al. (2007)
	0.46 ± 0.1	0.25–0.65	Rat SC, L5 to L5	35	LS	Loebel et al. (2009)
	0.46 ± 0.21	0.15–0.75	Rat VC, L5 to L5	23–26/36	MV, H	Hardingham et al. (2010)
	0.53 ± 0.05		Rat VC, L5 to L5	32–34	Bayesian	Costa et al. (2013)
		16–1800	Ferret mPFC, L5 to L5	32–34	MLE
			Rat SC, L5 to L5	32–34	LS	Markram et al. (1998)
τ_D [ms]	399 ± 295‡		Rat SC, L5 to L5	32–34	LS	Markram et al. (1998)
	396 ± 163	0–1600	Ferret mPFC, L5 to L5	32–34	LS	Wang et al. (2006)
	525 ± 134	380–900	Rat SC, L5 to L5	35	LS	Loebel et al. (2009)
		0–1900	Ferret mPFC, L5 to L5	32–34	MLE
τ_F [ms]	1797 ± 1247‡		Rat SC, L5 to L5	32–34	LS	Markram et al. (1998)
	292 ± 240	0–1600	Ferret mPFC, L5 to L5	32–34	LS	Wang et al. (2006)

The last three columns display the temperature at which recordings were taken, the estimation methods, and the reference to the corresponding study, respectively. All synaptic connection are pyramidal to pyramidal, unless stated otherwise. HC, Hippocampus; VC, visual cortex; SC, somato-sensory cortex; L, layer; MV, mean-variance analysis; QMLE, quantal maximum likelihood; LS, least-squares fit; H, histogram; FA, failure analysis; OQA, optical quantal analysis.
*Release probability per connection; †dominantly depressing connections; ‡dominantly facilitating connections.