Effect of different volatile odor stimuli (soiled bedding/urine) on forebrain Fos expression in estrous female mice
Brain region (n) | Volatile odor stimuli | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Clean bedding (n = 8) | Estrous female bedding/urine (n = 8) | Intact male bedding/urine (n = 11) | F(2,27) (p value) | |
Reward-associated nuclei | ||||
AcbC | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 1 ± 0 | 1.6 (0.219)c |
AcbSh* | 0 ± 0 | 1 ± 1 | 11 ± 4 | 4.4 (0.036)d |
VTA* | 1 ± 1 | 3 ± 2 | 19 ± 6 | 4.9 (0.017)e |
BLA | 2 ± 1 | 5 ± 2 | 7 ± 2 | 1.2 (0.174)f |
Vomeronasal recipient amygdaloid nuclei | ||||
MeA* | 2 ± 1 | 5 ± 2 | 13 ± 3 | 6.6 (0.005)g |
MePD* | 0 ± 0 | 3 ± 1 | 10 ± 2 | 7.9 (0.019)h |
MePV* | 1 ± 1 | 2 ± 1 | 11 ± 3 | 5.9 (0.025)i |
PMCo* | 1 ± 1 | 4 ± 1 | 9 ± 2 | 6.6 (0.024)j |
pBNST | 1 ± 0 | 2 ± 1 | 1 ± 1 | 1.1 (0.301)k |
BMA | 1 ± 1 | 5 ± 2 | 5 ± 2 | 1.8 (0.205)l |
Main olfactory recipient amygdaloid and cortical nuclei | ||||
Aco† | 1 ± 0 | 10 ± 4 | 13 ± 3 | 4.4 (0.036)m |
PLCo† | 0 ± 0 | 3 ± 1 | 6 ± 2 | 4.6 (0.036)n |
daPC | 3 ± 3 | 11 ± 4 | 11 ± 4 | 1.3 (0.275)o |
iaPC† | 2 ± 2 | 9 ± 4 | 15 ± 3 | 4.6 (0.036)p |
vaPC† | 2 ± 1 | 7 ± 3 | 14 ± 3 | 6.1 (0.025)q |
dpPC | 3 ± 2 | 4 ± 2 | 11 ± 2 | 3.5 (0.064)r |
ipPC | 2 ± 1 | 7 ± 3 | 10 ± 2 | 3.8 (0.056)s |
vpPC* | 3 ± 1 | 6 ± 2 | 14 ± 3 | 5.6 (0.027)t |
Hypothalamic nuclei | ||||
MPA | 1 ± 1 | 8 ± 4 | 11 ± 3 | 3.0 (0.069)u |
VMHvl | 2 ± 1 | 4 ± 2 | 8 ± 4 | 1.2 (0.329)v |
VMHdm | 3 ± 2 | 6 ± 2 | 12 ± 3 | 2.4 (0.116)w |
Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM number of Fos-IR cells per standard counting area (300 μm2). AcbC, nucleus accumbens core; BMA, basomedial amygdala; Aco, anterior cortical amygdala; daPC, anterodorsal division of PC; iaPC, anterointermediate division of PC; vaPC, anteroventral division of PC; dpPC, posterodorsal division of PC; ipPC, posterointermediate division of PC; MPA, medial preoptic area; VHMvl, ventrolateral division of the ventromedial hypothalamus; VMHdm, dorsomedial division of the ventromedial hypothalamus.
↵* For each brain region, Fos-IR in response to intact male odor is significantly greater compared with the other two odor groups.
↵† For each brain region, the male odor response is significantly greater than clean bedding, but odor groups do not differ from each other [SNK post hoc tests following a significant (p < 0.05) omnibus F test after Benjamini–Hochberg correction for multiple testing]. The p values for MeA and VTA, which were areas of a priori interest, were not corrected.