Table 3.

Hemodynamic responses in very preterm adults and controls during easy and hard letter trials

Condition		Region	Peak MNI coordinate [x,y,z] (mm)^a	Cluster size (voxels)^*
Control Easy > Rest	Positive hemodynamic response	Bilateral paracingulate gyrus, SFG, MFG, IFG, anterior insula, caudate, intracalcarine cortex, cerebellum; left precentral gyrus, putamen, thalamus	[–50, 10, 30] [36, 10, 32] [–6, 10, 60] [–4, 16, 46] [8, 30, 34] [–42, 2, 26]	114,161
		Left SPL, SMg, LOC	[–48, –38, 40]	8772
		Left STG, ITG	[–48, –50, –10]	3073
	Negative hemodynamic response	Bilateral precuneus/PCC, IPL, insula, LOC, sensorimotor cortex, ACC, SFG, thalamus, occipital fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, hippocampus, parahippocampus, amygdala; right frontal pole, MTG	[–1, –49, 27] [7, –53, 27] [6, –65, 28] [52, –56, 28] [57, –60,28] [–55, –60, 33]	257,987
		Left cerebellum	[–27, –40, –52]	2701
		Left MTG	[–52, 3, –15]	2690
Very preterm Easy > Rest	Positive hemodynamic response	Bilateral paracingulate gyrus, SFG, MFG, IFG, precentral gyrus, anterior insula, caudate, putamen, thalamus, intracalcarine cortex, cerebellum; left STG, ITG	[–8, 18, 40] [2, 20, 46] [–46, 2, 26] [–52, 2, 22] [–6, 14, 52] [–4, 18, 48]	188,520
	Positive hemodynamic response	Left SPL, SMg, LOC	[–30, –68, 46]	12146
	Negative hemodynamic response	Right PCC, precuneus, sensorimotor cortex	[4, –50, 30]	79420
		Right LOC, SMg, AG, insula, MTG, putamen, thalamus	[49, –68, 34]	76944
		Left LOC, SMg, AG, insula, MTG	[–54, –62, 34]	46079
		Bilateral ACC, SFG	[–2, 52, 2]	30281
		Left occipital fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, parahippocampus, thalamus	[–14, –88, –12]	8467
		Left cerebellum	[–24, –75, –35]	1815
Control Hard > Rest	Positive hemodynamic response	Bilateral paracingulate gyrus, SFG, MFG, IFG, precentral gyrus, anterior insula, caudate, putamen, intracalcarine cortex, cerebellum	[–50, 6, 32] [–50, 14, 28] [–44, 24, 18] [–6, 12, 56] [–2, 16, 46]	125,306
		Left SPL, SMg, LOC	[–46, –40, 38]	13,728
		Left ITG	[–40, –60, –8]	4259
		Right MFG	[40, 40, 36]	2731
	Negative hemodynamic response	Bilateral PCC, precuneus, sensorimotor cortex; right LOC, SMg, AG, insula, MTG, hippocampus, parahippocampus, amygdala, occipital fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, putamen, thalamus	[10, –56, 28] [48, –60, 28] [48, –53, 20] [48, –60, 38] [52, –56, 32]	164,196
		Bilateral ACC, SFG; right MFG	[4, 44, 4]	33,368
		Left LOC, SMg, AG,	[–52, –61, 32]	15,964
		Left insula	[–38, –20, 20]	15,701
		Left cerebellum, occipital fusiform gyrus	[–30, –74, –36]	9585
		Left MTG	[–57, 0, –26]	6999
		Bilateral cerebellum	[6, –38, –52]	4063
		Left thalamus	[–15, –26, 3]	2301
		Right frontal pole	[44, 42, –15]	1818
Very preterm Hard > Rest	Positive hemodynamic response	Bilateral paracingulate gyrus, SFG, MFG, IFG, precentral gyrus, anterior insula, caudate, putamen, intracalcarine cortex, STG, ITG, cerebellum; left SPL, SMg, LOC	[–6, 12, 52] [–42, 4, 28] [–8, 22, 40] [–6, 18, 48] [2, 18, 48]	215,947
	Positive hemodynamic response	Right SMg	[50, –34, 48]	2236
	Negative hemodynamic response	Bilateral PCC, precuneus, sensorimotor cortex; right frontal pole, LOC, SMg, AG, insula, MTG, occipital fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, parahippocampus, hippocampus, amygdala, putamen, thalamus	[12, –62, 28] [8, –64, 28] [8, –52, 29] [–10, –50, 39] [–5, –48, 38]	144,407
		Left LOC, SMg, AG, insula, MTG, occipital fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, parahippocampus, hippocampus, amygdala, putamen, thalamus	[–49, –59, 38]	53,775
		Bilateral ACC, SFG, MFG	[–5, 52, 18]	36,855
		Bilateral cerebellum	[–9, –46, –46]	2930

↵a Sub-peaks are only reported for clusters larger than 100,000 voxels.
↵* All clusters were obtained with z = 2.3, p < 0.05 (corrected for family wise error across voxels).
SFG = superior frontal gyrus; MFG = middle frontal gyrus; IFG = inferior frontal gyrus; SPL = superior parietal lobule; SMg = supramarginal gyrus; AG = angular gyrus; PCC = posterior cingulate cortex; MTG = middle temporal gyrus; ITG = inferior temporal gyrus, LOC = lateral occipital cortex.