Table 2.

Characteristics of the 18 included in meta-analysis

AuthorYearCountryStudy DesignSample SizeReported GeneReported Phenotype
Chen et al.2013ChinaCS20 (14 Familial + 6 Sporadic)SLC20A2Headache, movement disorder, dysarthria, asymptomatic
Nicolas et al.2013FranceCC72 (19 Familial + 6 Sporadic + 47 Probable PFBC)SLC20A2, PDGFRBCognitive disorder, movement disorder, mental symptom, asymptomatic
Hsu et al.2013USARC218 (All Familial)SLC20A2N.A.
Baker et al.2014USACS27 (All Familial)SLC20A2N.A.
Sanchez et al.2014USACS26 (All Familial)PDGFRB, PDGFBN.A.
Nicolas et al.2015FranceCS57 (46 Familial + 11 Sporadic)SLC20A2, PDGFRB, PDGFBCognitive disorder, movement disorder, mental symptom, asymptomatic
Anheim et al.2016FranceCS18 (All Sporadic)XPR1Movement disorder
David et al.2016FranceCS24 (14 Familial + 10 Sporadic)SLC20A2headache, cognitive disorder, mental symptom
Gebus et al.2017FranceCS80 (All Sporadic)SLC20A2, PDGFRB, PDGFB, XPR1Cognitive disorder, movement disorder
Ramos et al.2018ItalyCS177 (All Familial)SLC20A2, PDGFRB, PDGFB, XPR1Cognitive disorder, movement disorder, mental symptom, asymptomatic
Hozumi et al.2018JapanCC42 (29 Familial + 13 HC)SLC20A2, PDGFBN.A.
Chen et al.2019ChinaRC273 (All Familial)SLC20A2, PDGFRB, PDGFB, XPR1Headache, movement disorder
Chen et al.2020ChinaRC435 (All Familial)MYORGMovement disorder, dysarthria, mental symptom
Giorgio et al.2019ItalyCS50 (All Sporadic)SLC20A2Headache, movement disorder, mental symptom, asymptomatic
Grangeon et al.2019FranceCS29 (All Familial)MYORGCognitive disorder, asymptomatic
Guo et al.2019ChinaRC226 (35 Familial + 191 Sporadic)SLC20A2, PDGFRB, PDGFB, XPR1headache, movement disorder, asymptomatic
Chelban et al.2020UKCS86 (All Familial)MYORGHeadache, cognitive disorder, movement disorder, dysarthria, asymptomatic
Kurita et al.2021JapanCS173 (All Sporadic)SLC20A2, PDGFRBHeadache
  • CS, cross-sectional study; CC, case–control study; RC, retrospective cohort study; HC, healthy control; Ref, reference.