Table 1.

Summary of changes for excitatory connections

Excitation			Adult		Aged		p values
Input area (μm²)			Mean	Median	Mean	Median	KS test	Ranksum
	All	L2/3	1.84 × 10⁴	1.60 × 10⁴	2.23 × 10⁴	1.68 × 10⁴	0.68	0.57
		L4	7.96 × 10³	3.20 × 10³	6.37 × 10³	2.40 × 10³	0.96	0.97
		L5/6	1.04 × 10⁴	3.20 × 10³	1.00 × 10⁴	4.80 × 10³	0.49	0.19
			Mean	Median	Mean	Median	KS test	Kruskal–Wallis
	Female	L2/3	1.97 × 10⁴	1.60 × 10⁴	3.31 × 10⁴	2.88 × 10⁴	0.025	0.14
		L4	7.92 × 10³	1.60 × 10³	1.09 × 10⁴	8.00 × 10³	0.21	0.74
		L5/6	1.06 × 10⁴	1.60 × 10³	1.47 × 10⁴	8.80 × 10³	0.041	0.011
	Male	L2/3	1.73 × 10⁴	1.44 × 10⁴	1.30 × 10⁴	1.20 × 10⁴	0.44	1.0
		L4	8.00 × 10³	4.80 × 10³	2.46 × 10³	1.60 × 10³	0.22	0.16
		L5/6	1.02 × 10⁴	4.80 × 10³	5.94 × 10³	3.20 × 10³	0.25	1.0
Integration distance (μm)			Mean	Median	Mean	Median	KS test	Ranksum
	All	L2/3	191.1	174.5	198.6	210.0	0.17	0.23
		L4	113.0	100.0	124.5	98.0	0.96	0.53
		L5/6	191.9	214.1	223.1	272.0	0.36	0.30
			Mean	Median	Mean	Median	KS test	Kruskal–Wallis
	Female	L2/3	191.1	165.1	231.6	228.0	0.079	0.43
		L4	111.0	96.5	180.7	200.0	0.098	0.30
		L5/6	198.6	248.4	261.2	302.3	0.12	1.00
	Male	L2/3	191.1	189.9	172.9	173.0	0.36	1.00
		L4	114.7	100.0	80.6	0.0	0.35	1.00
		L5/6	186.2	196.7	193.3	234.1	0.87	1.00
Mean charge (pC)			Mean	Median	Mean	Median	KS test	Ranksum
	All	L2/3	1.28	1.26	0.95	1.12	0.26	0.078
		L4	0.54	0.95	0.42	0.59	0.074	0.023
		L5/6	0.45	0.38	0.44	0.39	0.99	0.94
			Mean	Median	Mean	Median	KS test	Kruskal–Wallis
	Female	L2/3	1.18	1.09	1.18	1.28	0.86	1.00
		L4	0.70	1.11	0.65	0.64	0.004	0.021
		L5/6	0.53	0.54	0.56	0.37	0.44	0.51
	Male	L2/3	1.35	1.28	0.77	0.86	0.028	0.025
		L4	0.40	0.64	0.24	0.46	0.14	1.00
		L5/6	0.38	0.35	0.35	0.40	0.63	1.00
Mean amplitude (pA)			Mean	Median	Mean	Median	KS test	Ranksum
	All	L2/3	28.55	28.57	28.08	30.48	0.81	0.57
		L4	17.13	30.38	19.94	28.95	0.56	0.78
		L5/6	18.21	23.15	22.38	25.11	0.96	0.73
			Mean	Median	Mean	Median	KS test	Kruskal–Wallis
	Female	L2/3	27.73	27.63	35.42	31.01	0.19	1.00
		L4	18.65	33.59	27.50	27.82	0.30	1.00
		L5/6	18.85	27.72	27.82	26.75	0.46	1.00
	Male	L2/3	29.25	29.48	22.34	29.54	0.76	1.00
		L4	15.85	25.36	14.03	32.01	0.59	1.00
		L5/6	17.98	23.09	18.13	21.61	0.70	1.00
Fractional input area (%)			Mean	Median	Mean	Median	KS test	Ranksum
	All	L2/3	63.50	63.15	60.13	60.00	0.076	0.64
		L4	16.80	10.80	12.00	12.50	0.22	0.53
		L5/6	19.71	13.27	27.88	22.22	0.047	0.085
			Mean	Median	Mean	Median	KS test	Kruskal–Wallis
	Female	L2/3	66.41	61.29	62.86	60.61	0.046	1.00
		L4	18.09	12.50	15.98	16.78	0.21	1.00
		L5/6	15.50	12.50	21.15	20.94	0.028	0.74
	Male	L2/3	60.84	65.00	57.70	56.76	0.83	1.00
		L4	15.61	9.09	8.45	5.00	0.47	0.93
		L5/6	23.55	21.43	33.85	30.00	0.89	1.00