Table 2.

Contribution of each action signal

Regression (Predicted ΔPSE Against Real ΔPSE)PSE Error [N/m]JND [N/m]
Intercept [N/m]Slope [au]p-valueForce (Real = 0.16)Stretch (Real = 20.64)Force (Real = 12.13)Stretch (Real = 14.95)
Training SignalsAccuracyPredictedErrorPredictedError
All four signals77.91 ± 0.00312.53 ± 1.020.30 ± 0.030.06 ± 0.010.50 ± 0.272.17 ± 1.319.54 ± 0.352.59 ± 0.3514.11 ± 0.360.84 ± 0.36
No grip force75.54 ± 0.0020.92 ± 0.77−0.13 ± 0.030.10 ± 0.09−4.07 ± 0.6218.13 ± 0.5610.71 ± 0.251.41 ± 0.2510.34 ± 0.394.61 ± 0.39
Only grip force68.48 ± 0.00116.89 ± 1.971.11 ± 0.150.02 ± 0.04−13.10 ± 2.34−32.33 ± 2.2848.57 ± 6.51−36.44 ± 6.5141.04 ± 1.86−26.09 ± 1.86
No position76.14 ± 0.00112.27 ± 0.860.33 ± 0.030.03 ± 0.020.97 ± 1.202.38 ± 1.2713.54 ± 0.38−1.41 ± 0.3815.57 ± 0.20−0.62 ± 0.20
No velocity77.89 ± 0.00211.34 ± 0.460.35 ± 0.010.04 ± 0.010.04 ± 0.422.02 ± 0.409.55 ± 0.132.58 ± 0.1314.35 ± 0.240.60 ± 0.24
No acceleration76.67 ± 0.00112.56 ± 0.800.43 ± 0.030.02 ± 0.010.60 ± 0.42−0.32 ± 0.3711.51 ± 0.130.62 ± 0.1316.32 ± 0.22−1.37 ± 0.22
Grip force and position76.25 ± 0.00313.55 ± 0.570.48 ± 0.030.02 ± 0.01−0.02 ± 0.13−2.90 ± 0.8912.78 ± 0.42−0.66 ± 0.4217.55 ± 0.41−2.61 ± 0.41
  • Bold is significant regression.