Table 1

Questionnaire items

QuestionsTermDescription
Q1Self-identificationI felt as if what I saw in the middle of the scene was my body
Q2ThreatI felt as if the threat (knife) was toward me
Q3PresenceI felt as if I was located in the virtual environment
Q4Cyber-sicknessI felt dizzy
Q5ControlI felt as if I had 3 bodies
Q6SupineI felt as if I was supine in the virtual environment
Q7StandingI felt as if I was standing in the virtual environment
  • At the end of each session, participants were provided seven questionnaire items and answered on a Likert scale ranging from 0 (strongly disagree) to 6 (strongly agree).