Table 1

Brain region-specific changes in microglia and Aβ plaque density in 5XFAD mice treated with NRG1 or GlyB4

Treatment (time)	Pathology	Amygdala	Thalamus	Hippocampus	Motor cortex	Somatosensory cortex
NRG1 (2–4 m)	Microglia	2.6* (↑)	2.0* (↑)	0.9 (–)	2.6* (↑)	2.2* (↑)
NRG1 (2–4 m)	Aβ	2.3** (↑)	2.1*** (↑)	0.9 (–)	1.4* (↑)	0.7 (–)
GlyB4 (2–4 m)	Microglia	1.5* (↑)	0.4* (↓)	1.0 (–)	1.3 (–)	1.2 (–)
GlyB4 (2–4 m)	Aβ	0.5** (↓)	0.6* (↓)	0.7 (–)	0.5* (↓)	0.7 (–)
GlyB4 (4–6 m)	Microglia	0.5* (↓)	0.6* (↓)	1.1 (–)	0.7* (↓)	0.6* (↓)
GlyB4 (4–6 m)	Aβ	0.7* (↓)	0.4*** (↓)	1.4 (–)	0.5* (↓)	0.5** (↓)

Results are expressed as the ratio of either the NRG1-treated versus saline-treated mice or the GlyB4-treated versus saline-treated mice for the total number of microglia counts or Aβ plaque counts for the same time interval. N = 3 mice/group of NRG1-treated versus saline-treated mice (2–4 months of age); N = 5–8 mice/group of GlyB4-treated versus saline-treated mice (2–4 months); and N = 5–7 mice/group of GlyB4-treated versus saline-treated mice (4–6 months). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.005 by Student’s t test. Arrows indicate significant up/down regulation or no change (–).