Detailed statistics for all analyses in the manuscript
| Figure/ panel | Description | N | Test | Statistic | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3E | Vigor index (ROC analysis comparing top and bottom 50% of latency to first action) | 79 cue-excited cells | Wilcoxon signed-rank test | Z = 1.25 | p = 0.21 |
| 3F | Vigor index | 47 cue-inhibited cells | Wilcoxon signed-rank test | Z = −1.34 | p = 0.18 |
| 4A | Average cue-related activity (500 ms) on first/last day of training | 45 cue-excited cells (first session), 79 cells (last session) | Wilcoxon rank-sum test | Z = 0.35 | p = 0.72 |
| 4B | Average cue-related activity (custom time windows) on first/last day of training | 14 cue-inhibited cells (first session), 47 cells (last session) | Wilcoxon rank-sum test | Z = −0.08 | p = 0.94 |
| 4C | Proportion of excited/inhibited neurons in first/last session | 92 cells (first session), 169 cells (last session) | χ2 test | χ2(2,261) = 6.32 | p = 0.04 |
| 4D | Proportion of excited/inhibited neurons in first session for ST vs GT individuals | 32 cells (ST), 60 cells (GT) | χ2 test | χ2(2,92) = 16.76 | p < 0.001 |
| 4D | Proportion of excited/inhibited neurons in last session for ST vs GT individuals | 51 cells (ST), 118 cells (GT) | χ2 test | χ2(2,169) = 3.87 | p = 0.14 |
| 5B | Average reward-related activity in ST vs GT individuals (final day of training) | 29 cue-excited cells from ST, 50 from GT | Wilcoxon rank-sum test | Z = −2.86 | p = 0.004 |
| 5D | Average reward-related activity in ST vs GT individuals (final day of training) | 12 cue-inhibited cells from ST, 35 from GT | Wilcoxon rank-sum test | Z = 0.99 | p = 0.32 |
| 6A | Cue-related activity by trial number (example cue-excited cell) | 25 trials | One-way ANOVA | F(1) = 32.34 | p < 0.001 |
| 6B | Cue-related activity by trial number (example cue-inhibited cell) | 25 trials | One-way ANOVA | F(1) = 1.88 | p = 0.18 |
| 6E | Main effect of trial number on cue-related activity during extinction | 62 cue-excited cells | Two-way ANOVA | F(1,1546) = 125.5 | p < 0.001 |
| 6F | Main effect of trial number on cue-related activity during extinction | 22 cue-inhibited cells | Two-way ANOVA | F(1,546) = 0 | p = 0.97 |
| 6E | Average cue-related activity in ST and GT individuals (third 5-trial bin during extinction) | 26 cue-excited cells from ST, 36 from GT | Wilcoxon rank-sum test | Z = 1.70 | p = 0.08 |
| 6F | Average cue-related activity in ST and GT individuals (last 5 trials of extinction) | 14 cue-inhibited cells from ST, 8 cells from GT | Wilcoxon rank-sum test | Z = −2.83 | p = 0.005 |
| 7B | Interaction between devaluation status and trial number (continuous variable) | 21 cue-excited cells (devaluation), 62 cells (no devaluation) | Two-way ANOVA | F(1,2072) = 17.2 | p < 0.001 |
| 7B | Average cue-related activity following devaluation or no devaluation (first 5 trials of extinction) | 21 cue-excited cells (devaluation), 62 cells (no devaluation) | Wilcoxon rank-sum test | Z = 4.39 | p < 0.001 |
| 7C | Interaction between devaluation status and trial number (continuous variable) | 22 cue-inhibited cells (devaluation), 23 cells (no devaluation) | Two-way ANOVA | F(1,1121) = 0 | p = 0.96 |
| 7C | Average cue-related activity following devaluation or no devaluation (first 5 trials of extinction) | 22 cue-inhibited cells (devaluation), 23 cells (no devaluation) | Wilcoxon rank-sum test | Z = 0.90 | p = 0.37 |