Test compounds and exposure concentration ranges used for in vivo electrophysiological recording in 4-dpf elavl3:GCaMP6s zebrafish larvae
| Compound name | Pharmacodynamics | Concentrations used | Seizure liability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aminophylline | Adenosine receptor antagonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor | 1, 2, 4 mm | Various cases of seizure in humans, and evidence of kindling in rats (Schwartz and Scott, 1974; Albertson et al., 1983) |
| Chlorpromazine | Dopamine, serotonin, histamine, Muscarinic and α1- and α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist | 31.25, 62.5, 125 μm | Increased risk of seizure in patients receiving anti-psychotic drug (APD) treatment, particularly polytherapy; seizure risk 5-fold higher in individuals receiving low/medium potency APDS such as chlorpromazine (Bloechliger et al., 2015; Druschky et al., 2019) |
| Donepezil | Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor | 125, 62, 31 μm | Among the top 10 drugs most commonly associated with seizures in World Health Organization adverse drug reaction database (Kumlien and Lundberg, 2010) |
| Picrotoxin | GABAA receptor antagonist | 30, 60, 120 μm | Commonly used convulsant compound used for modelling seizures (Mackenzie et al., 2002) |
| (RS)-(tetrazol-5-yl)glycine | NMDA receptor agonist | 62.5, 125, 250 μm | Convulsant compound used for modelling seizures (Schoepp et al., 1991) |
| SB205607 (TAN-67) | δ-Opioid receptor agonist | 125, 250, 500 μm | Increases incidence of convulsions in bicuculline kindled rats (Yajima et al., 2000) |
Also shown are published evidence to support seizurogenicity. All compounds were sourced from Sigma-Aldrich or Tocris.