Table shows statistical analyses including p value and effect size for each memory outcome measure, separated by learning phase. For each outcome measure, we calculated repeated-measures ANOVAs with the CS orientation as the within-subject factor and the group (in-phase group vs out-of-phase group) as the between-subject factor. Successful conditioning (i.e., increased response toward the CS⁺ respective of group) was validated by the main effects of orientations (noted in the column effects as ME: o). To account for the specific symmetric generalization pattern (CS⁺ in the middle), additional generalization contrast fits were used (noted as GEN). The main effects of group (ME: g) and group × orientation interactions (o × g INT) addressed differences between in-phase and out-of-phase conditioning. Better grating discrimination versus stronger generalization across orientations are described by a Mexican Hat contrast fit for the group × orientation interactions (MEX). ANOVA, Mixed repeated-measures ANOVA; ME, main effect; o, orientation; η²_p, partial η²; g, group; MEX, Mexican Hat contrast fit of orientation × group interaction; INT, interaction; GEN, generalization fit; Val, valence; Aro, arousal.