Table 2

Regressions Predicting Career Interest Ratings at T2 (End of PhD) from Graduate School Era Explanatory Variables

Independent variables (graduate school era explanatory)	Dependent variables T2 (end of PhD) career interest ratings
	Academic faculty/research			Academic faculty/teaching			Nonacademic research			Science/nonresearch
	Unstd. Coeff.	Sig.	Effect size	Unstd. Coeff.	Sig.	Effect size	Unstd. Coeff.	Sig.	Effect size	Unstd. Coeff.	Sig.	Effect size
Variables in the equation
(Intercept)	2.682	***		2.359	***		2.662	***		2.442	***
T1 (start of PhD) interest rating	0.597	***	M (0.174)	0.696	***	L (0.421)	0.536	***	M (0.148)	0.766	***	L (0.323)
T1 interest rating-BY-gender							0.132	**
T1 interest rating-BY-UR status										−0.135	*
PhD belonging, laboratory	0.091	**
PhD belonging, laboratory-BY-gender
PhD belonging, laboratory-BY-UR status
PhD belonging, lab-BY-gender-BY-UR status
PhD advisor career advice	0.235	***	S (0.045)	0.113	***					−0.124	***	S (0.014)
PhD advisor career advice-BY-UR status				−0.115
PhD faculty support, at institution				−0.010
PhD faculty support, at institution-BY-gender				0.022
PhD faculty support, at institution-BY-UR status				0.089
PhD faculty support, at institution-BY-gender-BY-UR status				−0.311	*
PhD faculty support, outside institution	0.008
PhD faculty support, outside institution-BY-gender	0.029
PhD faculty support, outside institution-BY-UR status	0.124
PhD faculty support, outside institution-BY-gender-BY-UR	−0.304	*
Gender	0.097			−0.121			0.049
UR	−0.266			0.085						0.236	***
Gender-BY- UR	0.446			0.792	*
Model statistics
R²	0.309			0.436			0.339			0.419
Adjusted R²	0.304			0.432			0.337			0.417
F	65.68			113.29			251.81			265.55
df	11			11			4			5
df.residual	1468			1468			1475			1474
p	0.0000			0.0000			0.0000			0.0000
Non-T1-interest variance	0.14			0.01			0.19			0.10

Results of regressions for each of the four career interest T2 ratings (end of PhD) on T1 (start of PhD) interest rating, significantly correlated variables (Extended Data Table 2-1), and significant predictor interactions (Extended Data Table 2-2). Unstd. Coeff. = Unstandardized coefficient; sig. = significance. Effect sizes are labeled when they reach at least “small” size. (S) = small effect size, (M) = medium effect size, (L) = large effect size. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.