Table 1

Neuropathological alterations in different KA models in rats and mice

Administration
mode		NeuropathologyReferences
RatsMiceRatsMice
SystemicBilateral damage
Entire hippocampus
Subiculum
Entorhinal cortex
MF sprouting		Bilateral damage
CA3/CA1
Cortical areas
Lateral amygdala
Dorsal thalamus
MF sprouting		Stafstrom et al. (1992)
Lado (2006)
Williams et al. (2009)
White et al. (2010)
Drexel et al. (2012)
Bertoglio et al. (2017)		Hu et al. (1998)
McKhann et al. (2003)
Benkovic et al. (2004)
Umpierre et al. (2016)
ICVUnilateral lesion
CA3/CA4 areas of the
hippocampus
MF sprouting		Unilateral damage
CA3/CA1 areas of the
hippocampus
MF sprouting		Miyamoto et al. (1997)
Jing et al. (2009)
Gordon et al. (2014)
Song et al. (2016)
Gao et al. (2019)		Cho et al. (2002)
Jeon et al. (2004)
Park et al. (2008)
Jin et al. (2009)
Intra-HCUnilateral lesion
CA3/CA4
DG granule cells dispersion
MF sprouting		Unilateral lesion
CA3/CA1
DG granule cells dispersion
MF sprouting		Cavalheiro et al. (1982)
Bragin et al. (2005)
Arkhipov et al. (2008)
Rattka et al. (2013)
Klee et al. (2017)		Bouilleret et al. (1999)
Riban et al. (2002)
Gouder et al. (2003)
Gröticke et al. (2008)
Lee et al. (2012)
Zeidler et al. (2018)
IntraamygdaloidIpsilateral Am Contralateral
HC Contralateral Am
CA3/CA1
MF sprouting
Extratemporal		Ipsilateral Am
Contralateral HC Contralateral Am
CA3/CA1
MF sprouting
Extratemporal		Ben-Ari et al. (1979)
Tanaka et al. (1992)
Ueda et al. (2001)
Takebayashi et al. (2007)
Gurbanova et al. (2008)		Araki et al. (2002)
Shinoda et al. (2004)
Mouri et al. (2008)
Tanaka et al. (2010)
Li et al. (2012)
Liu et al. (2013)
Supra-HC-Unilateral lesion
CA3/CA1
DG granule cells dispersion		-Bedner et al. (2015)
Jefferys et al. (2016)
Pitsch et al. (2019)
Intranasal-Bilateral damage
CA3 area of the hippocampus
Olfactory bulbs		-Chen et al. (2002)
Duan et al. (2006)
Zhang et al. (2008)
Lu et al. (2008)
Sabilallah et al. (2016)

  • Am, amygdala; DG, dentate gyrus; HC, hippocampus; ICV, intraventricular; MF, mossy fibers