PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Kang, Junling AU - Mo, Shenshen AU - Shu, Xiuqiong AU - Cheng, Shuang TI - Effects of Baicalein Pretreatment on the NLRP3/GSDMD Pyroptosis Pathway and Neuronal Injury in Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus in the Mice AID - 10.1523/ENEURO.0319-24.2024 DP - 2025 Jan 01 TA - eneuro PG - ENEURO.0319-24.2024 VI - 12 IP - 1 4099 - http://www.eneuro.org/content/12/1/ENEURO.0319-24.2024.short 4100 - http://www.eneuro.org/content/12/1/ENEURO.0319-24.2024.full SO - eNeuro2025 Jan 01; 12 AB - Status epilepticus (SE) links to high mortality and morbidity. Considering the neuroprotective property of baicalein (BA), we investigated its effects on post-SE neuronal injury via the NLRP3/GSDMD pathway. Mice were subjected to SE modeling and BA interference, with seizure severity and learning and memory abilities evaluated. The histological changes, neurological injury and neuron-specific enolase (NSE)-positive cell number in hippocampal CA1 region, and cell death were assessed. Levels of the NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)/gasdermin-D (GSDMD) pathway-related proteins, inflammatory factors, and Iba-1 + NLRP3+ and Iba-1 + GSDMD-N+ cells were determined. BA ameliorated post-SE cognitive dysfunction and neuronal injury in mice, as evidenced by shortened escape latency, increased number of crossing the target quadrant within 60 s and the time staying in the target quadrant, alleviated hippocampal damage, increased viable cell number, decreased neuronal injury, and increased NSE-positive cells. Mechanistically, BA repressed microglial pyroptosis, reduced inflammatory factor release, and attenuated neuronal injury by inhibiting the NLRP3/GSDMD pathway. The NLRP3 inhibitor exerted similar effects as BA on SE mice, while the NLRP3 activator partially reversed BA-improved post-SE neuronal injury in mice. Conjointly, BA reduced microglial pyroptosis in hippocampal CA1 area by inhibiting the NLRP3/GSDMD pyroptosis pathway, thereby ameliorating post-SE neuronal injury in mice.