PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Cohen, Michael X AU - Englitz, Bernhard AU - França, Arthur S. C. TI - Large-Scale and Multiscale Networks in the Rodent Brain during Novelty Exploration AID - 10.1523/ENEURO.0494-20.2021 DP - 2021 May 01 TA - eneuro PG - ENEURO.0494-20.2021 VI - 8 IP - 3 4099 - http://www.eneuro.org/content/8/3/ENEURO.0494-20.2021.short 4100 - http://www.eneuro.org/content/8/3/ENEURO.0494-20.2021.full SO - eNeuro2021 May 01; 8 AB - Neural activity is coordinated across multiple spatial and temporal scales, and these patterns of coordination are implicated in both healthy and impaired cognitive operations. However, empirical cross-scale investigations are relatively infrequent, because of limited data availability and to the difficulty of analyzing rich multivariate datasets. Here, we applied frequency-resolved multivariate source-separation analyses to characterize a large-scale dataset comprising spiking and local field potential (LFP) activity recorded simultaneously in three brain regions (prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, hippocampus) in freely-moving mice. We identified a constellation of multidimensional, inter-regional networks across a range of frequencies (2–200 Hz). These networks were reproducible within animals across different recording sessions, but varied across different animals, suggesting individual variability in network architecture. The theta band (∼4–10 Hz) networks had several prominent features, including roughly equal contribution from all regions and strong inter-network synchronization. Overall, these findings demonstrate a multidimensional landscape of large-scale functional activations of cortical networks operating across multiple spatial, spectral, and temporal scales during open-field exploration.