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New Research, Sensory and Motor Systems

Sniff invariant odor coding

Roman Shusterman, Yevgeniy B. Sirotin, Matthew C. Smear, Yashar Ahmadian and Dmitry Rinberg
eNeuro 6 December 2018, ENEURO.0149-18.2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0149-18.2018
Roman Shusterman
1Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
2Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
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Yevgeniy B. Sirotin
3The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
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Matthew C. Smear
2Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
4Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
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Yashar Ahmadian
2Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
5Departments of Biology and Mathematics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
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Dmitry Rinberg
6New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Abstract

Sampling regulates stimulus intensity and temporal dynamics at the sense organ. Despite variations in sampling behavior, animals must make veridical perceptual judgments about external stimuli. In olfaction, odor sampling varies with respiration, which influences neural responses at the olfactory periphery. Nevertheless, rats were able to perform fine odor intensity judgments despite variations in sniff kinetics. To identify the features of neural activity supporting stable intensity perception, in awake mice we measured responses of Mitral/Tufted (MT) cells to different odors and concentrations across a range of sniff frequencies. Amplitude and latency of the MT cells’ responses vary with sniff duration. A fluid dynamics (FD) model based on odor concentration kinetics in the intranasal cavity can account for this variability. Eliminating sniff waveform dependence of MT cell responses using the FD model allows for significantly better decoding of concentration. This suggests potential schemes for sniff waveform invariant odor concentration coding.

Significance The principles underlying invariant object recognition are of broad interest. The sensory stimuli are subject to external variability, and variability imposed by animal behavior. In olfaction active sampling, sniffing, regulates stimulus intensity and temporal dynamics at the sense organ. Does this interfere with the ability to make accurate perceptual judgments about the physical stimulus? To address this question we initially established that perception of odor intensity is not affected by variations in sampling using behavioral experiments. To identify the features of neural activity that support this invariance in intensity perception, we developed a fluid dynamics model based on odor kinetics in the nose. This model allowed us to find neural representation invariant with respect to sampling thus allowing a stable percept.

  • extracellular electrophysiology
  • olfactory bulb
  • psychophysics

Footnotes

  • The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

  • Israel Science Foundation grants 816/14 and 2212/14 (R.S). Marie Curie Career Integration grant 334341 (R.S.). NIH/NICDC grants: R01DC014366 and R01DC013797 (D.R.).

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

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Sniff invariant odor coding
Roman Shusterman, Yevgeniy B. Sirotin, Matthew C. Smear, Yashar Ahmadian, Dmitry Rinberg
eNeuro 6 December 2018, ENEURO.0149-18.2018; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0149-18.2018

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Sniff invariant odor coding
Roman Shusterman, Yevgeniy B. Sirotin, Matthew C. Smear, Yashar Ahmadian, Dmitry Rinberg
eNeuro 6 December 2018, ENEURO.0149-18.2018; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0149-18.2018
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Keywords

  • Extracellular Electrophysiology
  • olfactory bulb
  • psychophysics

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