Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Experimental design. A, Bilateral electrodermal activity (EDA) data were collected from the medial part of the second and third digit on each hand. Stimulator bar electrodes were attached to the proximal half of both the left and right forearm. * Stimulating bar electrodes were only attached to the Stimulus Isolator during experimental blocks in which they were to be used. B, Participants completed six experimental blocks, alternating between blocks targeting stimulation to the left and right forearm (3 blocks per side), respectively, with the starting order counterbalanced across participants. Within each block, participant completed 20 trials: 10 × “Shock” trials, and 10 × “No Shock” trials. “Shock” and “No Shock” trials were presented in random order within blocks and all individual trials had a total duration of 10 seconds. The time line of single trials related to the events of interest (right/left/no shock) is presented at the far right. The dashed line indicates placement of the shock stimulus (i.e., t = 0).
- Figure 2.
Manual data filtering. Before z score standardization, manual data filtering was performed to eliminate trials driven by probable noise in the electrodermal acticity (EDA) signal (e.g., motion artifacts) independently for the right and left recording electrode. Top, Unlabeled EDA signal by trial; baseline corrected, unfiltered. Middle, Unlabeled EDA signal by trial, postmanual filtering. Bottom, Unlabeled EDA signal by trial, post z score normalization and an additional baseline correction. SD = standard deviation.
- Figure 3.
Group-wise contrast of Lateralization Bias in autonomic response. A, Electrodermal activity (EDA) response recorded from both right and left electrodes for each trial condition. For all conditions (“Right Shock,” “Left Shock,” and “No Shock”), the standardized signal is presented for both recording sites (right and left hand) averaged across all trials and participants. Light colored ribbons represent the standard error (SE) across participants at each time point. B, Lateralization biases were defined as [right-hand EDA – left-hand EDA] for each condition (Left Shock, Right Shock, and No Shock). A shift in Lateralization Bias toward either the left (down) or right (up) side indicated a stronger response measured from that location relative to the other side. Significant deviation of these bias scores from a test value of zero (i.e., no bias) are indicated by the highlighted area. Coloring of the highlighted area reflects the effect size (Cohen’s d) for contrasts between left-hand and right-hand biases. Light colored ribbons represent the uncorrected 95% confidence interval at each time point.
- Figure 4.
A, Lateralization Bias within shock conditions by participant. Lateralization Bias scores for each left and right shock events differing from no bias (i.e., Lateralization Bias = 0) are identified for each participant (row) by trial time course. Cohen’s d (calculated with the statistical package R; RCoreTeam, 2013) is presented for all time points with significant lateralization (p < 0.05, FDR corrected), and reflects the effect size for contrasts within each lateralized shock event in relation to a test-bias of zero. B, Lateralization Biases across shock conditions by participant. Differences in Lateralization Bias between left versus right shock events are identified for each participant (row) by trial time course. Cohen’s d is indicated for all time points where differences are significant (p < 0.05, FDR corrected) and reflects the effect size for contrasts between left-hand and right-hand biases. Positive values indicate significant right-side bias. Blue banding on all plots indicates left-handed participants.
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