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Research ArticleResearch Article: New Research, Cognition and Behavior

Cooperative Behavior Evokes Interbrain Synchrony in the Prefrontal and Temporoparietal Cortex: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of fNIRS Hyperscanning Studies

Artur Czeszumski, Sophie Hsin-Yi Liang, Suzanne Dikker, Peter König, Chin-Pang Lee, Sander L. Koole and Brent Kelsen
eNeuro 1 April 2022, 9 (2) ENEURO.0268-21.2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0268-21.2022
Artur Czeszumski
1Institute of Cognitive Science, Universität Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany 49074
6Department of Clinical Psychology, Free University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 1081
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Sophie Hsin-Yi Liang
2Section of Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan, Chang, Taiwan 333
3Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan 333
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Suzanne Dikker
4Max Planck-New York University Center for Language, Music and Emotion, New York, NY 10003
5Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003
6Department of Clinical Psychology, Free University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 1081
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Peter König
1Institute of Cognitive Science, Universität Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany 49074
7Institute of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany 20251
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Chin-Pang Lee
2Section of Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan, Chang, Taiwan 333
8Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung, Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taiwan 333
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Sander L. Koole
6Department of Clinical Psychology, Free University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 1081
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Brent Kelsen
9Language Center, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, Taiwan 106
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Abstract

Single-brain neuroimaging studies have shown that human cooperation is associated with neural activity in frontal and temporoparietal regions. However, it remains unclear whether single-brain studies are informative about cooperation in real life, where people interact dynamically. Such dynamic interactions have become the focus of interbrain studies. An advantageous technique in this regard is functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) because it is less susceptible to movement artifacts than more conventional techniques like electroencephalography (EEG) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We conducted a systematic review and the first quantitative meta-analysis of fNIRS hyperscanning of cooperation, based on thirteen studies with 890 human participants. Overall, the meta-analysis revealed evidence of statistically significant interbrain synchrony while people were cooperating, with large overall effect sizes in both frontal and temporoparietal areas. All thirteen studies observed significant interbrain synchrony in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), suggesting that this region is particularly relevant for cooperative behavior. The consistency in these findings is unlikely to be because of task-related activations, given that the relevant studies used diverse cooperation tasks. Together, the present findings support the importance of interbrain synchronization of frontal and temporoparietal regions in interpersonal cooperation. Moreover, the present article highlights the usefulness of meta-analyses as a tool for discerning patterns in interbrain dynamics.

  • cooperation
  • fNIRS
  • hyperscanning
  • interbrain synchrony

Footnotes

  • The authors declare no competing financial interests.

  • A.C. and P.K. were supported by The NBank Cooperation Project “Smart Fidelity Interaktionssystem zur Steigerung der Realitätsnähe bei der Durchführung handwerklicher Tätigkeitenin Virtual Reality(SmartFi),” the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)-funded Research Training Group Situated Cognition Grant GRK 2185/1, and the DFG Open Access Publishing Fund of Osnabrück University. S.D. was supported by the National Science Foundation Award #1661016. S.D. and S.L.K. were supported by the Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research Award The Rhythm of Relating Grant #406.18.GO.024.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

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Cooperative Behavior Evokes Interbrain Synchrony in the Prefrontal and Temporoparietal Cortex: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of fNIRS Hyperscanning Studies
Artur Czeszumski, Sophie Hsin-Yi Liang, Suzanne Dikker, Peter König, Chin-Pang Lee, Sander L. Koole, Brent Kelsen
eNeuro 1 April 2022, 9 (2) ENEURO.0268-21.2022; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0268-21.2022

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Cooperative Behavior Evokes Interbrain Synchrony in the Prefrontal and Temporoparietal Cortex: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of fNIRS Hyperscanning Studies
Artur Czeszumski, Sophie Hsin-Yi Liang, Suzanne Dikker, Peter König, Chin-Pang Lee, Sander L. Koole, Brent Kelsen
eNeuro 1 April 2022, 9 (2) ENEURO.0268-21.2022; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0268-21.2022
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Keywords

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