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Research ArticleResearch Article: New Research, Disorders of the Nervous System

Donor-Specific Transcriptomic Analysis of Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Hypometabolism Highlights a Unique Donor, Ribosomal Proteins and Microglia

Sejal Patel, Derek Howard, Alana Man, Deborah Schwartz, Joelle Jee, Daniel Felsky, Zdenka Pausova, Tomas Paus and Leon French
eNeuro 24 November 2020, 7 (6) ENEURO.0255-20.2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0255-20.2020
Sejal Patel
1Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1L8, Canada
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Derek Howard
1Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1L8, Canada
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Alana Man
1Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1L8, Canada
2Victoria College, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1K7, Canada
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Deborah Schwartz
3Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada
4Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada
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Joelle Jee
1Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1L8, Canada
5Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada
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Daniel Felsky
1Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1L8, Canada
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Zdenka Pausova
6The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
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Tomas Paus
4Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada
7Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Toronto
8Institute for Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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Leon French
1Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1L8, Canada
7Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Toronto
8Institute for Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
9Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1L8, Canada
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    Figure 1.

    Cortical surface views of the ALE meta-analysis results. Regions where hypometabolism was not detected are transparent (ALE value of 0.006 or less). Lower glucose utilization (AD vs controls) ranges from low (yellow) to high (black).

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    Figure 2.

    SRP-dependent cotranslational genes ranked based on differential expression in hypometabolic regions associated with AD. Genes are marked with dots, with the y-axis representing the genome-wide differential expression rank and ranges from overexpression (top) to underexpression (bottom). The black line marks the median expression rank of the SRP-dependent cotranslational genes. The dashed gray line marks the gene with the most stable expression between inside and outside of each donor’s hypometabolic regions. Red highlights genes that pass correction for multiple testing.

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    Figure 3.

    Heatmap of the ER translocation gene expression across three microglia cell clusters from the AD mouse model (left half) and AD pathology subgroups (right half). Expression for each gene is z-scored with high expression in red and low in blue. Genes are ordered based on hierarchical clustering using complete linkage (genes with similar expression across the mouse and human data are clustered together). Three human genes are duplicated because they have two homologous mouse genes (RPL6, RPL13, and SRP54). Human genes without homologous mouse genes are not displayed. Complete results spanning all GO groups are available as Extended Data Figure 3-1 (AD mouse model) and Extended Data Figure 3-2 (AD pathology subgroups). Data from other cell types in the AD pathology subgroups for the ER translocation genes are available in Extended Data Figure 3-3.

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    Table 1

    Top GO groups enriched for differential expression in areas of AD-associated hypometabolism in brain 10 021/H0351.2002

    NameGenesIDAUCp valueFDR
    SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane87GO:00066140.8741.35E-29
    Cotranslational protein targeting to membrane90GO:00066130.8652.07E-29
    Protein targeting to ER92GO:00450470.8472.86E-27
    Cytosolic ribosome87GO:00226260.8563.45E-27
    Establishment of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum96GO:00725990.8281.66E-25
    Structural constituent of ribosome107GO:00037350.7941.05E-22
    Ribosomal subunit158GO:00443910.7371.01E-21
    Nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay104GO:00001840.7832.07E-20
    Protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum109GO:00709720.7659.44E-19
    Cytosolic large ribosomal subunit47GO:00226250.8946.73E-18
    microtubule organizing center part145GO:00444500.3950.00244
    DNA-dependent ATPase activity59GO:00080940.330.00145
    HOPS complex13GO:00308970.1370.00135
    ATPase activity, coupled186GO:00426230.3960.00026
    tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation40GO:00064180.2689.84E-05
    Amino acid activation43GO:00430380.2758.24E-05
    Aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity33GO:00048120.2438.24E-05
    Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex111GO:00314610.3553.84E-05
    tRNA aminoacylation42GO:00430390.2591.91E-05
    Ubiquitin ligase complex195GO:00001510.3687.35E-08

Extended Data

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  • Extended Data 1

    Zip file containing Rand Python source code to reproduce the analyses. Download Extended Data 1, ZIP file.

  • Figure 1-1

    Details of the FDG-PET studies used in the meta-analysis. Download Figure 1-1, XLSX file.

  • Table 1-1

    Complete GO enrichment results for all donors separately. Download Table 1-1, XLS file.

  • Figure 3-1

    Complete GO enrichment results for step-wise increases across DAM clusters. Download Figure 3-1, CSV file.

  • Figure 3-2

    Complete GO enrichment results for step-wise increases across the human AD pathology subgroups. Download Figure 3-2, CSV file.

  • Figure 3-3

    ER translocation gene step-wise results for other cell-types across the human AD pathology subgroups. Download Figure 3-3, CSV file.

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Donor-Specific Transcriptomic Analysis of Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Hypometabolism Highlights a Unique Donor, Ribosomal Proteins and Microglia
Sejal Patel, Derek Howard, Alana Man, Deborah Schwartz, Joelle Jee, Daniel Felsky, Zdenka Pausova, Tomas Paus, Leon French
eNeuro 24 November 2020, 7 (6) ENEURO.0255-20.2020; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0255-20.2020

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Donor-Specific Transcriptomic Analysis of Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Hypometabolism Highlights a Unique Donor, Ribosomal Proteins and Microglia
Sejal Patel, Derek Howard, Alana Man, Deborah Schwartz, Joelle Jee, Daniel Felsky, Zdenka Pausova, Tomas Paus, Leon French
eNeuro 24 November 2020, 7 (6) ENEURO.0255-20.2020; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0255-20.2020
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Keywords

  • Microglia
  • neurodegeneration
  • neuroinflammation
  • transcriptomics

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