a | 2A | Accuracy | Normal distribution | One-way repeated-measures ANOVA | | R | F(2,30) = 1.25 | 0.29 | η2 = 0.077, η2G = 0.028 |
b | 2B | d' | Normal distribution | One-way repeated-measures ANOVA | | R | F(2,30) = 3.35 | 0.049 | η2 = 0.18, η2G = 0.080 |
c | Normal distribution | Post hoc paired t test: Modality vs Uninformative | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = 2.29 | 0.11 | Mean difference = 0.38 95% CI: 0.027 to 0.73 |
d | Normal distribution | Post hoc paired t test: Semantic vs Uninformative | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = 1.34 | 0.61 | Mean difference = 0.22 95% CI: −0.13 to 0.56 |
e | Normal distribution | Post hoc paired t test: Modality vs Semantic | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = 1.55 | 0.42 | Mean difference = 0.16 95% CI: −0.060 to 0.38 |
f | 2C | RT | Normal distribution | One-way repeated-measures ANOVA | | R | F(2,30) = 5.08 | 0.013 | η2 = 0.25, η2G = 0.023 |
g | Normal distribution | Post hoc paired t test: Modality vs Uninformative | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = −2.87 | 0.035 | Mean difference = −62.88 95% CI: −109.57 to −16.20 |
h | Normal distribution | Post hoc paired t test: Semantic vs Uninformative | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = −2.62 | 0.058 | Mean difference = −45.10 95% CI: −81.78 to −8.41 |
I | Normal distribution | Post hoc paired t test: Modality vs Semantic | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = −0.82 | 1.00 | Mean difference = −17.79 95% CI: −63.76 to 28.18 |
j | 3A | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Semantic > Uninformative | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
k | | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Modality > Uninformative | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
l | | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Uninformative > Semantic | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
m | 3B | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Uninformative > Modality | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
n | 4A | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Semantic > Modality | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
o | 4B | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Modality > Semantic | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
p | 5A | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Auditory > Visual | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
q | 5B | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Visual > Auditory | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
r | | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Animal > Musical | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
s | | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Musical > Animal | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
t | 6A | fMRI (MVPA AUC) | No assumption | One-sample t tests: Early Modality | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
u | One-sample t tests: Early Semantic | | |
v | One-sample t tests: Early Uninformative | | |
w | 6B | fMRI (MVPA AUC) | No assumption | One-sample t tests: Late Modality | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
x | One-sample t tests: Late Semantic | | |
y | One-sample t tests: Late Uninformative | | |
z | | Accuracy | Normal distribution | Paired t test: Intermodal vs Intramodal | | R | t(15) = −0.73 | 0.48 | Cohen’s dz = 0.18 Mean difference = −1.01 95% CI: −3.98 to 1.95 |
aa | | d' | Normal distribution | Paired t test: Intermodal vs Intramodal | | R | t(15) = −0.49 | 0.63 | Cohen’s dz = 0.12 Mean difference = −0.081 95% CI: −0.43 to 0.27 |
ab | | RT | Normal distribution | Paired t test: Intermodal vs Intramodal | | R | t(15) = 3.06 | 0.0079 | Cohen’s dz = 0.68 Mean difference = 27.50 95% CI: 8.37–46.64 |
ac | 7 | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Intermodal > Intramodal | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
ad | | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Intramodal > Intermodal | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
ae | | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Semantic-Both Auditory vs Attend Auditory cue | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
af | | fMRI (BOLD) | No assumption | Paired t tests: Semantic-Both Visual vs Attend Visual cue | FWE-corrected non-parametric permutation test | FSL | | |
ag | 8A, top | fMRI (BOLD): left dAG | Normal distribution | Paired t test: Modality vs Semantic | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = −4.37 | 0.0016 | Cohen’s dz = 1.09 Mean difference = −0.90 95% CI: −1.34 to −0.46 |
ah | Normal distribution | Paired t test: Modality vs Uninformative | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = −1.18 | 0.76 | Cohen’s dz = 0.30 Mean difference = −0.25 95% CI: −0.69 to 0.20 |
ai | Normal distribution | Paired t test: Semantic vs Uninformative | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = 3.14 | 0.020 | Cohen’s dz = 0.78 Mean difference = 0.65 95% CI: 0.21 to 1.10 |
aj | 8B, top | fMRI (BOLD): left vAG | Normal distribution | Paired t test: Modality vs Semantic | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = 1.60 | 0.39 | Cohen’s dz = 0.39 Mean difference = 0.26 95% CI: −0.086 to 0.61 |
ak | Normal distribution | Paired t test: Modality vs Uninformative | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = 3.13 | 0.021 | Cohen’s dz = 0.78 Mean difference = 0.84 95% CI: 0.27 to 1.40 |
al | Normal distribution | Paired t test: Semantic vs Uninformative | Bonferroni | R | t(15) = 3.01 | 0.027 | Cohen’s dz = 0.75 Mean difference = 0.57 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.98 |
am | 8A, lower | fMRI (BOLD): left dAG | Normal distribution | Paired t test: Intermodal vs Intramodal | | R | t(15) = 4.17 | 0.00082 | Cohen’s dz = 1.04 Mean difference = 0.60 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.91 |
an | 8B, lower | fMRI (BOLD): left vAG | Normal distribution | Paired t test: Intermodal vs Intramodal | | R | t(15) = 2.18 | 0.045 | Cohen’s dz = 0.55 Mean difference = 0.36 95% CI: 0.0086 to 0.72 |