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Research ArticleResearch Article: New Research, Cognition and Behavior

Resting State BOLD Variability of the Posterior Medial Temporal Lobe Correlates with Cognitive Performance in Older Adults with and without Risk for Cognitive Decline

Tyler J. Good, Joshua Villafuerte, Jennifer D. Ryan, Cheryl L. Grady and Morgan D. Barense
eNeuro 19 March 2020, 7 (3) ENEURO.0290-19.2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0290-19.2020
Tyler J. Good
1Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto M6A 2E1, Ontario
2Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Ontario
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Joshua Villafuerte
1Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto M6A 2E1, Ontario
2Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Ontario
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Jennifer D. Ryan
1Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto M6A 2E1, Ontario
2Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Ontario
3Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Ontario
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Cheryl L. Grady
1Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto M6A 2E1, Ontario
2Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Ontario
3Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Ontario
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Morgan D. Barense
1Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto M6A 2E1, Ontario
2Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Ontario
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Abstract

Local brain signal variability [SD of the BOLD signal (SDBOLD]] correlates with age and cognitive performance, and recently differentiated Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients from healthy controls. However, it is unknown whether changes to SDBOLD precede diagnosis of AD or mild cognitive impairment. We compared ostensibly healthy older adult humans who scored below the recommended threshold on the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and who showed reduced medial temporal lobe (MTL) volume in a previous study (“at-risk” group, n = 20), with healthy older adults who scored within the normal range on the MoCA (“control” group, n = 20). Using multivariate partial least-squares analysis we assessed the correlations between SDBOLD and age, MoCA score, global fractional anisotropy, global mean diffusivity, and four cognitive factors. Greater SDBOLD in the MTL and occipital cortex positively correlated with performance on cognitive control/speed tasks but negatively correlated with memory scores in the control group. These relations were weaker in the at-risk group. A post hoc analysis assessed associations between MTL volumes and SDBOLD in both groups. This revealed a negative correlation, most robust in the at-risk group, between MTL SDBOLD and MTL subregion volumetry, particularly the entorhinal and parahippocampal regions. Together, these results suggest that the association between SDBOLD and cognition differs between the at-risk and control groups, which may be because of lower MTL volumes in the at-risk group. Our data indicate relations between MTL SDBOLD and cognition may be helpful in understanding brain differences in individuals who may be at risk for further cognitive decline.

  • aging
  • BOLD fMRI
  • BOLD variability
  • MCI

Footnotes

  • The authors declare no competing financial interests.

  • This work was supported by a Postgraduate Scholarship (doctoral) from the National Science and Engineering Research Council to T.J.G., a James S. McDonnell Scholar Award to M.D.B., a Canadian Institutes of Health Project Grant to M.D.B., a Canadian Institutes of Health Project Grant to J.D.R., and a Canadian Institutes of Health Foundation Grant to C.L.G. (MOP143311).

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

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Resting State BOLD Variability of the Posterior Medial Temporal Lobe Correlates with Cognitive Performance in Older Adults with and without Risk for Cognitive Decline
Tyler J. Good, Joshua Villafuerte, Jennifer D. Ryan, Cheryl L. Grady, Morgan D. Barense
eNeuro 19 March 2020, 7 (3) ENEURO.0290-19.2020; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0290-19.2020

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Resting State BOLD Variability of the Posterior Medial Temporal Lobe Correlates with Cognitive Performance in Older Adults with and without Risk for Cognitive Decline
Tyler J. Good, Joshua Villafuerte, Jennifer D. Ryan, Cheryl L. Grady, Morgan D. Barense
eNeuro 19 March 2020, 7 (3) ENEURO.0290-19.2020; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0290-19.2020
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Keywords

  • aging
  • BOLD fMRI
  • BOLD variability
  • MCI

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