Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Results of the control analysis. A, The time course of synchronization between the ECG signal and HIN regions. We plotted the wPLI-D in the theta band between the ECG signal and HIN regions for all HIN regions (thin colored lines). In addition, the averaged synchronization time course was also plotted (thick black line). These time courses show similar levels of synchronization between the baseline and induced periods. B, Comparison of the synchronization within the HIN between real and surrogate data in the induced period. We generated 20 surrogate datasets without an induced component of synchronization and compared synchronization within the HIN between real (yellow bar with the label R) and surrogate data (blue bar). This figure shows that the synchronization within the real data are stronger than the synchronization in all 20 surrogate datasets in the induced period, indicating that the synchronization within the HIN cannot be explained by artificial synchronization caused by evoked responses (Extended Data Fig. 1-1). C, The time courses of synchronization within the HIN for real and surrogate data. This panel shows that the synchronization within the real data are stronger than the mean synchronization in the surrogate datasets in the induced period (Extended Data Fig. 1-1). Note that in A, B, baseline subtraction was performed (–300 to –100 ms at the R-peak).
- Figure 2.
Structures of the HIN. A, Synchronization patterns within the HIN. The figure shows that the synchronization within the HIN is concentrated in the left inferior temporal region (white dashed circles), particularly in the polar part and the parahippocampal gyrus, which are hubs of the HIN. Furthermore, these regions were contained in module 1. B, Spatial pattern of each module of the HIN. In this spatial map of each module, module 1 contained most of the polar part of the left inferior temporal regions and the parahippocampal gyrus. The posteromedial part of the bilateral hemispheres was also contained in this module. Module 2 contained the ventromedial and orbitofrontal cortices, which are also hubs of the HIN.
- Figure 3.
Within-module and between-module synchronization in the HIN. A, Within-module synchronization in the HIN. Within-module synchronization was strongest in module 1, followed by that in module 2. B, Between-module synchronization pattern of the HIN. The between-module synchronization pattern graph shows that module 1 is the center of interaction between modules such that it has strong connections with other modules, which were quantified by the strength of this node.
- Figure 4.
The relationship between mood and the within-module synchronization of module 1. Stepwise linear regression showed that the within-module synchronization of module 1 has a positive association with the moods of the participants.
Tables
Region name BC Strength Module Left inferior temporal gyrus A20il, intermediate lateral area 20 8661 30.1 1 Left parahippocampal gyrus A35/36r, rostral area 35/36 4775 25.9 1 Left inferior temporal gyrus A20iv, intermediate ventral area 20 2781 25.4 4 Left inferior temporal gyrus A20r, rostral area 20 4069 24.8 1 Left fusiform gyrus A20rv, rostroventral area 20 1556 24.3 4 Five regions having high strength are reported here with their betweenness centrality and modules they belong to. Full list of regions and their network characteristics are provided in the Extended Data Table 1-1. BC, betweenness centrality.
Extended Data Table 1-1
List of 195 cortical regions used in the analysis and the graph theoretical properties of each region Download Table 1-1, DOCX file.
Extended Data Figure 1-1
wPLI-D in the induced and baseline period for real and surrogate data. This figure shows the wPLI-D in the induced (blue) and baseline (orange) period separately. R represents the wPLI-D of the real data and others represents wPLI-D of 20 surrogate data. One can notice that the synchronization within the HIN is much stronger in the real data for both induced and baseline period. Note that, an increase of induced synchronization was also strongest in the real data compared to the surrogate data (Fig. 1B). Download Figure 1-1, PDF file.
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