Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Experimental design to measure vHC EPSCs in IL neurons after fear conditioning and extinction. A, B, ChR2 expression in the vHC and mPFC. C, AMPAR-mediated EPSCs were measured at the peak of the –70-mV current. NMDAR-mediated EPSCs were measured 70 ms after stimulation to minimize the possibility of contamination with AMPAR EPSC. D, Behavioral groups. E, Scheme of the general timeline for the experiments.
- Figure 2.
Fear conditioning and extinction induce postsynaptic plasticity in vHC synapses onto IL pyramidal neurons. A, Behavioral responses of all groups. B, Mean AMPA/NMDA ratios measured in IL pyramidal neurons from each group. C, Example traces of vHC EPSCs recorded in IL pyramidal neurons of each group (A, ***p < 0.001, repeated measures ANOVA, COND vs PSEUDO, SAME, and DIFF; B, *p < 0.05, Dunn’s post hoc after significant Kruskal–Wallis test).
- Figure 3.
Fear conditioning and extinction induced bidirectional changes in NMDAR currents at vHC synapses onto IL pyramidal neurons. A, B, Average AMPAR-mediated EPSCs and conductance in each group. C, D, Average NMDAR-mediated EPSCs and conductance in each group (**p < 0.01, *p < 0.05; Dunn’s post hoc after significant Kruskal–Wallis test).
- Figure 4.
IL neurons from animals that failed to recall extinction showed greater AMPA/NMDA ratios and reduced NMDAR-mediated currents. A, Behavioral data from same context extinction animals that showed successful or failed extinction recall. B, Example vHC EPSCs recorded in IL pyramidal neurons. C, Average AMPA/NMDA ratio in each group. D, E, Average NMDAR-mediated EPSC and conductance in each group. F, G, Average AMPAR-mediated EPSC and conductance in each group (*p < 0.05; Mann–Whitney’s test).
- Figure 5.
Contextual fear to context A varies with fear to tones. A, Average freezing during the minute before giving the first test tone on day 3 in the different groups. B, Correlation between freezing before the tones and during the tones on day 3. Rats from the PSEUDO, COND, SUCCESSFUL, and UNSUCCESSFUL groups are plotted.
- Figure 6.
In vitro BDNF treatment mimicked fear extinction reversal of conditioning-induced changes in AMPA/NMDA ratio and NMDAR currents. A, Behavioral data. B, Example trace for each group. C, Average AMPA/NMDA ratio for each group. D, Average NMDAR EPSC for each group. E, Average AMPAR EPSCs (p < 0.05, Mann–Whitney’s test).
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