Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
The model performance (r, MSE) characterizes the strength of the relationship between true and predicted labels. Condition and region weights show the predictive contribution of the two different conditions (harmful, harmless) and fear-related brain regions (parcellated according to the AAL atlas; L, left; R, right) to the final decision function of each MKL model (questionnaires A–E with model performance; p < 0.05, FDR corrected and uncorrected). Brain regions (feature set) were identified as follows: thalamus (1); hippocampus (2); amygdala (3); insula (4); mOFC: rectus (5), Frontal_Sup_Orb (6), Frontal_Med_Orb (7); lOFC: Frontal_Mid_Orb (8), Frontal_Inf_Orb (9), mPFC: Frontal_Sup_Medial (10); anterior cingulate cortex: Cingulum_Ant (11). ← indicates the not visible contralateral homolog.
Tables
cLBP patients (N = 20, 7 females) Minimum Maximum Mean SD Age 21 62 39.35 13.97 TSK-17 26 52 36.90 5.59 TSK-13 16 43 27.60 5.96 TSK-11 13 38 23.20 5.71 TSK-11-SF 5 16 9.70 2.69 TSK-11-AA 5 20 11.90 3.35 PASS 13 68 38.15 16.57 PASS-C 1 15 8.70 4.19 PASS-E 3 21 9.85 4.77 PASS-F 2 20 9.45 5.28 PASS-P 0 15 7.35 4.21 FABQ 3 83 35.45 22.53 FABQ-PA 2 21 12.80 5.59 FABQ-W 0 40 15.50 12.12 S-Anxiety 36 53 43.70 4.78 T-Anxiety 31 59 43.00 6.05 PainDETECT current pain 0 8 3.77 2.49 PainDETECT strongest pain 2 10 6.15 2.16 PainDETECT average pain (previous 4 weeks) 1 7 3.75 1.88 Ratings harmful activities 0 10 5.44 2.38 Ratings harmless activities 0 5 1.28 1.32 cLBP = chronic low back pain. Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK, SF = somatic focus, AA = activity avoidance); Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS, PASSc = cognitive anxiety; PASSe = escape/avoidance; PASSf = fear; PASSp = physiology); Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ, FABQ-PA = physical activity, FABQ-W = work); State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (S-Anxiety, T-Anxiety).
- Table 2:
Spearman’s rank correlations between the different pain-related fear questionnaires
TSK-17 TSK-13 TSK-11 TSK-11_SF TSK-11_AA PASS PASS-C PASS-E PASS-F PASS-P FABQ FABQ-PA FABQ-W S-ANXIETY T-ANXIETY Rating harmful Rating harmless TSK-17 Corr. coeff. 1.000 0.834 ** 0.800 ** 0.609 ** 0.759 ** 0.611 ** 0.503* 0.614 ** 0.556* 0.647 ** 0.337 0.494* 0.280 0.449* 0.299 0.133 0.289 Sig. 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.004 0.024 0.004 0.011 0.002 0.146 0.027 0.231 0.047 0.200 0.577 0.216 TSK-13 Corr. coeff. 0.834 ** 1.000 0.960 ** 0.754 ** 0.789 ** 0.686 ** 0.559* 0.777 ** 0.666 ** 0.558* 0.344 0.442* 0.339 0.451* 0.139 0.240 0.168 Sig. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.010 0.000 0.001 0.011 0.138 0.050 0.144 0.046 0.558 0.307 0.479 TSK-11 Corr. coeff. 0.800 ** 0.960 ** 1.000 0.793 ** 0.779 ** 0.685 ** 0.559* 0.766 ** 0.643 ** 0.565 ** 0.360 0.404 0.378 0.470* 0.071 0.276 0.091 Sig. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.010 0.000 0.002 0.009 0.120 0.077 0.101 0.037 0.766 0.238 0.703 TSK-11_SF Corr. coeff. 0.609 ** 0.754 ** 0.793 ** 1.000 0.350 0.519* 0.462* 0.529* 0.502* 0.502* 0.351 0.315 0.411 0.629 ** 0.034 0.044 0.178 Sig. 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.131 0.019 0.040 0.016 0.024 0.024 0.130 0.176 0.071 0.003 0.886 0.854 0.452 TSK-11_AA Corr. Coeff. 0.759 ** 0.789 ** 0.779 ** 0.350 1.000 0.477* 0.268 0.564 ** 0.486* 0.421 0.336 0.375 0.280 0.284 0.035 0.270 0.135 Sig. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.131 0.034 0.254 0.010 0.030 0.065 0.147 0.103 0.231 0.224 0.883 0.250 0.570 PASS Corr. coeff. 0.611 ** 0.686 ** 0.685 ** 0.519* 0.477* 1.000 0.895 ** 0.899 ** 0.886 ** 0.801 ** 0.415 0.535* 0.400 0.320 0.156 0.317 -0.118 Sig. 0.004 0.001 0.001 0.019 0.034 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.069 0.015 0.081 0.168 0.510 0.173 0.620 PASS-C Corr. coeff. 0.503* 0.559* 0.559* 0.462* 0.268 0.895 ** 1.000 0.737 ** 0.690 ** 0.707 ** 0.329 0.424 0.344 0.227 0.118 0.214 -0.254 Sig. 0.024 0.010 0.010 0.040 0.254 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.157 0.063 0.137 0.336 0.621 0.366 0.280 PASS-E Corr. coeff. 0.614 ** 0.777 ** 0.766 ** 0.529* 0.564 ** 0.899 ** 0.737 ** 1.000 0.918 ** 0.544* 0.472* 0.592 ** 0.419 0.387 0.161 0.330 -0.062 Sig. 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.016 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.013 0.036 0.006 0.066 0.092 0.499 0.156 0.795 PASS-F Corr. coeff. 0.556* 0.666 ** 0.643 ** 0.502* 0.486* 0.886 ** 0.690 ** 0.918 ** 1.000 0.541* 0.577 ** 0.736 ** 0.486* 0.291 0.188 0.445* 0.085 Sig. 0.011 0.001 0.002 0.024 0.030 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.014 0.008 0.000 0.030 0.213 0.428 0.049 0.720 PASS-P Corr. coeff. 0.647 ** 0.558* 0.565 ** 0.502* 0.421 0.801 ** 0.707 ** 0.544* 0.541* 1.000 0.261 0.304 0.328 0.289 0.112 0.118 -0.023 Sig. 0.002 0.011 0.009 0.024 0.065 0.000 0.000 0.013 0.014 0.267 0.193 0.157 0.216 0.639 0.619 0.925 FABQ Corr. coeff. 0.337 0.344 0.360 0.351 0.336 0.415 0.329 0.472* 0.577 ** 0.261 1.000 0.781 ** 0.951 ** 0.314 -0.032 0.195 0.009 Sig. 0.146 0.138 0.120 0.130 0.147 0.069 0.157 0.036 0.008 0.267 0.000 0.000 0.178 0.894 0.410 0.970 FABQ-PA Corr. coeff. 0.494* 0.442* 0.404 0.315 0.375 0.535* 0.424 0.592 ** 0.736 ** 0.304 0.781 ** 1.000 0.638 ** 0.140 0.009 0.377 0.178 Sig. 0.027 0.050 0.077 0.176 0.103 0.015 0.063 0.006 0.000 0.193 0.000 0.002 0.557 0.969 0.101 0.452 FABQ-W Corr. coeff. 0.280 0.339 0.378 0.411 0.280 0.400 0.344 0.419 0.486* 0.328 0.951 ** 0.638 ** 1.000 0.291 -0.069 0.185 -0.040 Sig. 0.231 0.144 0.101 0.071 0.231 0.081 0.137 0.066 0.030 0.157 0.000 0.002 0.213 0.772 0.435 0.867 S-ANXIETY Corr. coeff. 0.449* 0.451* 0.470* 0.629 ** 0.284 0.320 0.227 0.387 0.291 0.289 0.314 0.140 0.291 1.000 0.128 -0.198 0.090 Sig. 0.047 0.046 0.037 0.003 0.224 0.168 0.336 0.092 0.213 0.216 0.178 0.557 0.213 0.592 0.402 0.707 T-ANXIETY Corr. coeff. 0.299 0.139 0.071 0.034 0.035 0.156 0.118 0.161 0.188 0.112 -0.032 0.009 -0.069 0.128 1.000 0.185 0.378 Sig. 0.200 0.558 0.766 0.886 0.883 0.510 0.621 0.499 0.428 0.639 0.894 0.969 0.772 0.592 0.435 0.100 Rating harmful Corr. coeff. 0.133 0.240 0.276 0.044 0.270 0.317 0.214 0.330 0.445* 0.118 0.195 0.377 0.185 -0.198 0.185 1.000 0.289 Sig. 0.577 0.307 0.238 0.854 0.250 0.173 0.366 0.156 0.049 0.619 0.410 0.101 0.435 0.402 0.435 0.217 Rating harmless Corr. coeff. 0.289 0.168 0.091 0.178 0.135 -0.118 -0.254 -0.062 0.085 -0.023 0.009 0.178 -0.040 0.090 0.378 0.289 1.000 Sig. 0.216 0.479 0.703 0.452 0.570 0.620 0.280 0.795 0.720 0.925 0.970 0.452 0.867 0.707 0.100 0.217 Corr. coeff., Correlation coefficient; Sig., significance.
↵**p < 0.005 (bold), *p < 0.05 (bold). Bold indicates significance.
MKL model r p value nMSE p value FABQ total 0.61 0.012* 4.25 0.014 FABQ-W 0.74 0.004* 1.81 0.003* FABQ-PA 0.03 0.162 1.68 0.161 TSK-17 0.19 0.098 1.10 0.091 TSK-13 0.37 0.034 1.09 0.033 TSK-11 0.63 0.009* 0.90 0.032 TSK-11-SF −0.73 0.832 0.86 0.773 TSK-11-AA −0.63 0.908 0.88 0.879 PASS 0.18 0.119 4.63 0.115 PASS-C −0.44 0.515 1.64 0.513 PASS-E −0.32 0.339 1.38 0.331 PASS-F −0.15 0.259 1.70 0.251 PASS-P −0.51 0.518 1.36 0.512 T-Anxiety 0.48 0.011* 1.01 0.015 S-Anxiety −0.46 0.481 1.51 0.475 Ratings harmful activities −0.01 0.247 0.64 0.242 Ratings harmless activities −0.72 0.481 0.38 0.441 Bold: p < 0.05, * p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons (FDR, 5%).
- Table 4:
Model performances of the between-model cross-validation (characterized by r and nMSE)
Feature set FABQ total labels FABQ-W labels TSK-11 labels TSK-13 labels T-Anxiety labels FABQ total r = 0.72, p = 0.001*,
nMSE = 3.29, p = 0.001*r = −0.42, p = 0.68
nMSE = 1.30, p = 0.69r = −0.65, p = 0.91
nMSE = 1.48, p = 0.86r = −0.32, p = 0.42
nMSE = 1.56, p = 0.66FABQ-W r = 0.8, p = 0.001*,
nMSE = 1.63, p = 0.001*r = −0.40, p = 0.59,
nMSE = 1.26, p = 0.47r = −0.06, p = 0.25
nMSE = 4.08, p = 0.24r = −0.32, p = 0.42
nMSE = 1.56, p = 0.66TSK-11 r = 0.17, p = 0.12,
nMSE = 6.27, p = 0.13r = −0.06, p = 0.26,
nMSE = 4.08, p = 0.26r = 0.83, p = 0.001*
nMSE = 0.57, p = 0.002*r = −0.39, p = 0.57
nMSE = 1.74, p = 0.96TSK-13 r = 0.04, p = 0.18,
nMSE = 7.16, p = 0.32r = −0.06, p = 0.31,
nMSE = 4.08, p = 0.27r = 0.83, p = 0.001*
nMSE = 0.57, p = 0.001*r = −0.37, p = 0.47
nMSE = 1.78, p = 0.98T-Anxiety r = 0.23, p = 0.11,
nMSE = 6.01, p = 0.11r = 0.2, p = 0.21,
nMSE = 3.43, p = 0.25r = −0.25, p = 0.41,
nMSE = 1.35, p = 0.81r = −0.24, p = 0.41,
nMSE = 1.45, p = 0.83Bold: p < 0.05, * p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons (FDR of 5%).
- Table 5:
Condition and region weights showing the contribution of the two different conditions and fear-related brain regions to the final decision function of each MKL model (questionnaires A–E with model performance, p < 0.05, FDR corrected and uncorrected; see Fig. 1) in hierarchical order
Harmful activities Condition weight Harmless activities Condition weight Rank Brain regionAAL label Region size (vox) Region weight (%) ER Brain regionAAL label Region size (vox) Region weight (%) ER A. FABQ totala 1 Thalamus_L* 519 27.25 1.8 Amygdala_R* 96 11.06 0.95 2 Amygdala_R* 96 24.69 1.6 Hippocampus_R 424 0.61 14.70 3 Hippocampus_L* 400 17.29 2.6 Amygdala_L 97 0.43 18.10 4 Frontal_Med_Orb_R 413 9.56 4.0 Frontal_Inf_Orb_L 714 0.19 5.15 5 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R 744 6.39 6.1 Frontal_Sup_Orb_L 451 0.00 2.35 6 Frontal_Med_Orb_L 324 2.17 7.5 Frontal_Sup_Orb_R 469 0.00 3.30 7 Hippocampus_R 424 0.31 8.2 Frontal_Mid_Orb_L 408 0.00 4.25 8 Frontal_Sup_Orb_L 451 0.00 6.1 Frontal_Mid_Orb_R 444 0.00 5.20 9 Frontal_Sup_Orb_R 469 0.00 7.0 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R 744 0.00 6.90 10 Frontal_Mid_Orb_L 408 0.00 8.0 Frontal_Sup_Medial_L 1417 0.00 7.85 11 Frontal_Mid_Orb_R 444 0.00 8.9 Frontal_Sup_Medial_R 1006 0.00 8.80 12 Frontal_Inf_Orb_L 714 0.00 9.9 Frontal_Med_Orb_L 324 0.00 9.75 13 Frontal_Sup_Medial_L 1417 0.00 11.1 Frontal_Med_Orb_R 413 0.00 10.70 14 Frontal_Sup_Medial_R 1006 0.00 12.1 Rectus_L 381 0.00 11.65 15 Rectus_L 381 0.00 13.3 Rectus_R 352 0.00 12.60 16 Rectus_R 352 0.00 14.3 Insula_L 887 0.00 13.55 17 Insula_L 887 0.00 15.2 Insula_R 821 0.00 14.50 18 Insula_R 821 0.00 16.2 Cingulum_Ant_L 599 0.00 15.45 19 Cingulum_Ant_L 599 0.00 17.1 Cingulum_Ant_R 639 0.00 16.40 20 Cingulum_Ant_R 639 0.00 18.1 Hippocampus_L 400 0.00 17.35 21 Amygdala_L 97 0.00 19.9 Thalamus_L 519 0.00 19.95 22 Thalamus_R 478 0.00 20.9 Thalamus_R 478 0.00 20.90 B. FABQ-Wb 1 Amygdala_R* 96 40.20 1.40 Amygdala_R* 96 11.82 1.05 2 Thalamus_L* 519 39.42 1.45 Hippocampus_R 424 0.64 16.21 3 Frontal_Med_Orb_L 324 4.17 4.90 Frontal_Med_Orb_L 324 0.22 7.57 4 Frontal_Med_Orb_R 413 2.42 7.25 Cingulum_Ant_R 639 0.16 14.52 5 Hippocampus_L 400 0.52 16.55 Frontal_Sup_Orb_L 451 0.00 2.36 6 Cingulum_Ant_R 639 0.24 16.50 Frontal_Sup_Orb_R 469 0.00 3.31 7 Thalamus_R 478 0.13 20.00 Frontal_Mid_Orb_L 408 0.00 4.26 8 Frontal_Sup_Orb_L 451 0.00 4.30 Frontal_Mid_Orb_R 444 0.00 5.21 9 Frontal_Sup_Orb_R 469 0.00 5.25 Frontal_Inf_Orb_L 714 0.00 6.15 10 Frontal_Mid_Orb_L 408 0.00 6.20 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R 744 0.00 7.10 11 Frontal_Mid_Orb_R 444 0.00 7.15 Frontal_Sup_Medial_L 1417 0.00 8.05 12 Frontal_Inf_Orb_L 714 0.00 8.10 Frontal_Sup_Medial_R 1006 0.00 9.00 13 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R 744 0.00 9.05 Frontal_Med_Orb_R 413 0.00 10.63 14 Frontal_Sup_Medial_L 1417 0.00 10.00 Rectus_L 381 0.00 11.57 15 Frontal_Sup_Medial_R 1006 0.00 10.95 Rectus_R 352 0.00 12.52 16 Rectus_L 381 0.00 12.55 Insula_L 887 0.00 13.47 17 Rectus_R 352 0.00 13.50 Insula_R 821 0.00 14.42 18 Insula_L 887 0.00 14.45 Cingulum_Ant_L 599 0.00 15.36 19 Insula_R 821 0.00 15.40 Hippocampus_L 400 0.00 17.15 20 Cingulum_Ant_L 599 0.00 16.35 Amygdala_L 97 0.00 18.94 21 Hippocampus_R 424 0.00 19.05 Thalamus_L 519 0.00 19.89 22 Amygdala_L 97 0.00 20.00 Thalamus_R 478 0.00 20.84 C. TSK-13c 1 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R* 744 52.70 1.55 Rectus_L* 381 19.51 2.00 2 Rectus_L 381 2.37 6.00 Hippocampus_R* 424 14.03 1.80 3 Insula_L 887 1.33 8.90 Amygdala_L 97 2.34 16.40 4 Hippocampus_L 400 0.67 14.05 Cingulum_Ant_L 599 1.09 13.95 5 Insula_R 821 0.62 11.55 Rectus_R 352 0.59 11.65 6 Amygdala_R 96 0.33 17.10 Frontal_Sup_Orb_R 469 0.44 4.50 7 Frontal_Mid_Orb_R 444 0.12 5.60 Hippocampus_L 400 0.41 15.85 8 Frontal_Med_Orb_R 413 0.12 10.35 Thalamus_R 478 0.14 19.55 9 Hippocampus_R 424 0.12 16.50 Frontal_Med_Orb_R 413 0.12 11.25 10 Frontal_Med_Orb_L 324 0.12 9.60 Amygdala_R 96 0.12 18.40 11 Frontal_Inf_Orb_L 714 0.12 6.95 Frontal_Inf_Orb_L 714 0.12 6.95 12 Thalamus_R 478 0.11 20.25 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R 744 0.12 7.90 13 Frontal_Sup_Medial_L 1417 0.11 8.05 Frontal_Sup_Orb_L 451 0.12 3.50 14 Rectus_R 352 0.11 12.15 Frontal_Sup_Medial_L 1417 0.12 8.90 15 Amygdala_L 97 0.11 17.90 Cingulum_Ant_R 639 0.12 16.10 16 Frontal_Sup_Medial_R 1006 0.11 9.20 Frontal_Mid_Orb_R 444 0.12 6.30 17 Frontal_Mid_Orb_L 408 0.11 5.650 Thalamus_L 519 0.11 19.75 18 Thalamus_L 519 0.11 19.80 Frontal_Med_Orb_L 324 0.11 11.00 19 Cingulum_Ant_R 639 0.11 15.50 Insula_R 821 0.11 14.65 20 Frontal_Sup_Orb_R 469 0.11 4.90 Insula_L 887 0.11 13.80 21 Cingulum_Ant_L 599 0.11 14.70 Frontal_Sup_Medial_R 1006 0.11 10.30 22 Frontal_Sup_Orb_L 451 0.00 4.10 Frontal_Mid_Orb_L 408 0.11 5.85 D. TSK-11d 1 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R* 744 60.49 1.05 Rectus_L* 381 21.29 1.60 2 Insula_L 887 0.90 11.15 Hippocampus_R* 424 10.41 1.90 3 Amygdala_R 96 0.65 17.20 Thalamus_L 97 0.41 17.60 4 Hippocampus_L 400 0.61 14.95 Amygdala_L 599 0.12 17.25 5 Amygdala_L 97 0.56 17.00 Cingulum_Ant_L 352 0.12 14.65 6 Insula_R 821 0.46 12.55 Thalamus_R 469 0.11 20.00 7 Frontal_Med_Orb_R 413 0.34 9.35 Frontal_Mid_Orb_R 400 0.11 5.75 8 Frontal_Mid_Orb_R 444 0.12 4.90 Cingulum_Ant_R 478 0.11 15.70 9 Frontal_Med_Orb_L 324 0.12 8.65 Frontal_Sup_Medial_L 413 0.11 8.55 10 Hippocampus_R 424 0.11 16.55 Amygdala_R 96 0.11 18.50 11 Rectus_L 381 0.11 10.70 Hippocampus_L 714 0.11 16.75 12 Frontal_Inf_Orb_L 714 0.11 6.30 Frontal_Med_Orb_R 744 0.11 11.45 13 Thalamus_R 478 0.11 20.40 Frontal_Inf_Orb_L 451 0.11 7.00 14 Rectus_R 352 0.11 11.75 Frontal_Sup_Orb_L 1417 0.11 3.45 15 Frontal_Sup_Medial_R 1006 0.11 8.30 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R 639 0.11 8.05 16 Cingulum_Ant_R 639 0.11 15.35 Frontal_Sup_Medial_R 444 0.11 9.90 17 Frontal_Sup_Medial_L 1417 0.11 7.50 Rectus_R 519 0.11 12.65 18 Cingulum_Ant_L 599 0.11 14.55 Insula_R 324 0.11 14.50 19 Frontal_Mid_Orb_L 408 0.11 4.90 Frontal_Sup_Orb_R 821 0.11 4.65 20 Thalamus_L 519 0.11 19.90 Frontal_Mid_Orb_L 887 0.10 5.60 21 Frontal_Sup_Orb_R 469 0.10 4.10 Insula_L 1006 0.10 13.75 22 Frontal_Sup_Orb_L 451 0.00 3.25 Frontal_Med_Orb_L 408 0.10 11.10 E. T-Anxietye 1 Frontal_Sup_Medial_L* 1417 20.20 1.95 Frontal_Med_Orb_L* 324 20.86 1.05 2 Frontal_Med_Orb_L* 324 13.82 1.90 Thalamus_L* 519 13.29 3.75 3 Rectus_L 381 9.97 3.25 Frontal_Sup_Orb_R 469 9.87 2.85 4 Frontal_Mid_Orb_R 444 3.48 7.30 Amygdala_L 97 2.06 10.15 5 Insula_R 821 2.85 6.90 Amygdala_R 96 0.44 18.95 6 Rectus_R 352 0.98 10.40 Frontal_Sup_Medial_L 1417 0.40 9.15 7 Cingulum_Ant_R 639 0.87 14.50 Frontal_Mid_Orb_R 444 0.23 6.30 8 Amygdala_L 97 0.25 17.35 Cingulum_Ant_R 639 0.06 15.95 9 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R 744 0.22 9.00 Hippocampus_L 400 0.00 16.95 10 Amygdala_R 96 0.07 19.00 Frontal_Sup_Orb_L 451 0.00 4.35 11 Frontal_Sup_Orb_L 451 0.00 4.70 Frontal_Mid_Orb_L 408 0.00 5.35 12 Frontal_Sup_Orb_R 469 0.00 5.65 Frontal_Inf_Orb_L 714 0.00 7.25 13 Frontal_Mid_Orb_L 408 0.00 6.60 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R 744 0.00 8.20 14 Frontal_Inf_Orb_L 714 0.00 8.45 Frontal_Sup_Medial_R 1006 0.00 10.10 15 Frontal_Sup_Medial_R 1006 0.00 10.40 Frontal_Med_Orb_R 413 0.00 11.05 16 Frontal_Med_Orb_R 413 0.00 11.35 Rectus_L 381 0.00 12.00 17 Insula_L 887 0.00 13.10 Rectus_R 352 0.00 12.95 18 Cingulum_Ant_L 599 0.00 14.35 Insula_L 887 0.00 13.90 19 Hippocampus_L 400 0.00 16.20 Insula_R 821 0.00 14.85 20 Hippocampus_R 424 0.00 17.15 Cingulum_Ant_L 599 0.00 15.80 21 Thalamus_L 519 0.00 19.95 Hippocampus_R 424 0.00 18.55 22 Thalamus_R 478 0.00 20.90 Thalamus_R 478 0.00 20.90 The brain regions (L, left; R, right) were parcellated according to the AAL atlas: Thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, medial orbitofrontal regions (mOFC: Rectus, Frontal_Sup_Orb = superior frontal gyrus, orbital part, Frontal_Med_Orb = medial orbitofrontal cortex), lateral orbitofrontal regions (lOFC: Frontal_Mid_Orb = middle frontal gyrus orbital part, Frontal_Inf_Orb = inferior frontal gyrus pars orbitalis), medial prefrontal regions (mPFC: Frontal_Sup_Medial = medial frontal gyrus, Cingulum_Ant = anterior cingulate cortex). ER = expected ranking.
aCondition weight: harmful activities, 88%; harmless activities, 12%.
bCondition weight: harmful activities, 87%; harmless activities, 13%.
cCondition weight: harmful activities, 60%; harmless activities, 40%.
dCondition weight: harmful activities, 66%; harmless activities, 34%.
eCondition weight: harmful activities, 52%; harmless activities, 48%.
*Brain regions included in the feature set for between model cross-validation (see Table 4 for results).
In this issue
Pain-Related Fear—Dissociable Neural Sources of Different Fear Constructs
