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Research ArticleResearch Article: New Research, Disorders of the Nervous System

The Dual Role of A2aR in Neuroinflammation: Modulating Microglial Polarization in White Matter Lesions

Chang Cheng, Wenchao Cheng, Yuhan Wang, Xiuying Chen, Lan Zhang, Yi Li, Fa Shen, Dezhi Yuan, Pian Hong and Wen Huang
eNeuro 13 February 2025, 12 (3) ENEURO.0579-24.2025; https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0579-24.2025
Chang Cheng
1Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing CN 400037, China
2Department of Neurology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing CN 400014, China
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Wenchao Cheng
3Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan CN 450052, China
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Yuhan Wang
3Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan CN 450052, China
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Xiuying Chen
2Department of Neurology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing CN 400014, China
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Lan Zhang
4Department of Neurology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan CN 634700, China
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Yi Li
2Department of Neurology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing CN 400014, China
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Fa Shen
2Department of Neurology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing CN 400014, China
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Dezhi Yuan
2Department of Neurology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing CN 400014, China
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Pian Hong
5Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing CN 400037, China
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Wen Huang
1Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing CN 400037, China
2Department of Neurology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing CN 400014, China
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Figures

  • Figure 1.
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    Figure 1.

    White matter neuroinflammation in a CCH rat model.

  • Figure 2.
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    Figure 2.

    A2aR plays a bidirectional role in CCH neuroinflammation.

  • Figure 3.
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    Figure 3.

    A2aR and mGluR5 interact to form heteromer in microglia.

  • Figure 4.
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    Figure 4.

    High glutamate concentration promotes the formation of A2aR–mGluR5 heteromer.

  • Figure 5.
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    Figure 5.

    High glutamate concentration promotes the formation of A2aR–mGluR5 heteromer in microglia and mediates the polarization of microglia to M1 phenotype.

  • Figure 6.
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    Figure 6.

    A2aR–mGluR5 heteromer formation alters A2aR signaling pathway bias.

  • Figure 7.
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    Figure 7.

    A2aR monomer activation promotes microglial polarization to M2 phenotype through Gs-mediated PKA pathway, while A2aR–mGluR5 heteromer formation mediated by glutamate concentration changes promotes microglial polarization to proinflammatory phenotype through the Gq-mediated PKC pathway.

  • Figure 8.
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    Figure 8.

    The combination of glutamate release inhibitor (riluzole) and A2aR agonist exerts a protective effect by promoting the polarization of microglia to the M2 phenotype in the CCH model.

  • Figure 9.
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    Figure 9.

    A graphical depiction of the dual role of A2aR in CCH.

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eneuro: 12 (3)
eNeuro
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March 2025
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The Dual Role of A2aR in Neuroinflammation: Modulating Microglial Polarization in White Matter Lesions
Chang Cheng, Wenchao Cheng, Yuhan Wang, Xiuying Chen, Lan Zhang, Yi Li, Fa Shen, Dezhi Yuan, Pian Hong, Wen Huang
eNeuro 13 February 2025, 12 (3) ENEURO.0579-24.2025; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0579-24.2025

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The Dual Role of A2aR in Neuroinflammation: Modulating Microglial Polarization in White Matter Lesions
Chang Cheng, Wenchao Cheng, Yuhan Wang, Xiuying Chen, Lan Zhang, Yi Li, Fa Shen, Dezhi Yuan, Pian Hong, Wen Huang
eNeuro 13 February 2025, 12 (3) ENEURO.0579-24.2025; DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0579-24.2025
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Keywords

  • A2aR
  • A2aR–mGluR5 heteromer
  • chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
  • microglia
  • neuroinflammation

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