Article Information
- Received April 15, 2025
- Revision received July 31, 2025
- Accepted August 28, 2025
- Published online September 12, 2025.
Author Information
- Quentin Moreau1,2,*,
- Vincent Chamberland1,3,*,
- Lisane Moses1,3,
- Gabriela Milanova1,3 and
- Guillaume Dumas1,2,4
- 1CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Montreal, Quebec H3T ICS, Canada
- 2Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
- 3Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2V 259, Canada
- 4Mila - Quebec AI Institute, Montreal, Quebec H2S 3H1, Canada
- Correspondence should be addressed to Guillaume Dumas at guillaume.dumas{at}umontreal.ca.
Author contributions
Author contributions: Q.M. and G.D. designed research; Q.M., V.C., L.M., and G.D. performed research; Q.M., V.C., L.M., G.M., and G.D. contributed unpublished reagents/analytic tools; Q.M., V.C., L.M., G.M., and G.D. analyzed data; Q.M., V.C., and G.D. wrote the paper.
Disclosures
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
We thank Dr. Hugo Théoret for lending the neuromodulation device, Dr. Karim Jerbi for his theoretical insights, and the Neuroelectrics team for their technical assistance.
This study was supported by the Institute for Data Valorization, Montreal (IVADO; CF00137433 and PRF3) and enabled in part by support provided by Calcul Québec (www.calculquebec.ca) and Digital Research Alliance of Canada (www.alliancecan.ca). The Multi-brAin Recording and stiMulatiOn plaTform (MARMOT) was created thanks to the Canada Foundation for Innovation’s John R. Evans Leaders Fund (JELF; 41664). Q.M. was supported by the UNIQUE Excellence Scholarship (postdoctoral level), and V.C. was supported by the UNIQUE Excellence Scholarship (master level). G.D. was supported by the Fonds de recherche du Québec - Santé (FRQ-S; 2024-2025 - CB - 350516), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC; DGECR-2023-00089), the Brain Canada Foundation (2022 Future Leaders in Canadian Brain Research program), and the Azrieli Global Scholars Fellowship from the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) in the Brain, Mind, & Consciousness program.
↵*Q.M. and V.C. contributed equally to this work.
Funding
Institut de Valorisation des Données (IVADO)
CF00137433Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI)
JELF; 41664Unifying Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence - Québec
FRQ | Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé (FRQS)
FRQ-S; 2024-2025 - CB - 350516Canadian Government | Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
(NSERC; DGECR-2023-00089Brain Canada Foundation
Azrieli Global Scholars Fellowship from the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)
Other Version
- You are viewing the most recent version of this article.
- previous version (September 12, 2025).






