Article Information
- Received May 1, 2024
- Revision received July 9, 2024
- Accepted July 12, 2024
- Published online September 11, 2024.
Author Information
- Simone Ciceri1,
- Matthijs N. Oude Lohuis2,3,
- Vivi Rottschäfer4,5,
- Cyriel M. A. Pennartz2,3,
- Daniele Avitabile6,7,8,*,
- Simon van Gaal3,9,* and
- Umberto Olcese2,3,*
- 1Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CC, Netherlands
- 2Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098XH, Netherlands
- 3Research Priority Area Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098XH, Netherlands
- 4Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden 2333CA, Netherlands
- 5Korteweg-de Vries Institute for Mathematics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098XG, Netherlands
- 6Amsterdam Center for Dynamics and Computation, Mathematics Department, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081HV, Netherlands
- 7Mathneuro Team, Inria Centre at Université Côte d’Azur, Sophia Antipolis 06902, France
- 8Amsterdam Neuroscience, Systems and Network Neuroscience, Amsterdam 1081HV, Netherlands
- 9Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1018WT, Netherlands
- Correspondence should be addressed to Daniele Avitabile at d.avitabile{at}vu.nl, Simon van Gaal at s.vangaal{at}uva.nl, or Umberto Olcese at u.olcese{at}uva.nl.
Author contributions
Author contributions: V.R., C.M.A.P., D.A., S.V.G., and U.O. designed research; S.C., M.N.O.L., D.A., and U.O. performed research; S.C., D.A., and U.O. analyzed data; S.C., V.R., D.A., S.V.G., and U.O. wrote the paper.
Disclosures
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
We thank Eric Dijkema for providing support in accessing the data used for Figure 1 and the Carandini/Harris lab for providing free access to the raw data used in Steinmetz et al. (2019). We also thank the Institute for Advanced Studies of the University of Amsterdam for supporting a workshop that spearheaded this study. This work was supported by Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO Crossover project INTENSE to U.O. and C.M.A.P.) and the European Research Council (ERC Starting grant, 715605 project CONSCIOUSNESS to S.V.G.). This project was also made possible through the support of a grant from Templeton World Charity Foundation, Inc. (funder DOI 501100011730) through grants TWCF0646 (to U.O. and C.M.A.P.) and TWCF-2022-30261 (to U.O.). The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of Templeton World Charity Foundation, Inc.
↵*D.A., S.G., and U.O. contributed equally to this work.
M.N.O.L.’s present address: Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon 1400-038, Portugal
Funding
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO)
Crossover project INTENSEEC | ERC | HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council (ERC)
715605Templeton World Charity Foundation (TWCF)
TWCF0646; TWCF-2022-30261
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