Article Information
- Received July 31, 2023
- Revision received April 25, 2024
- Accepted April 29, 2024
- Published online June 3, 2024.
Author Information
- Gwen van der Wijk1,
- Mojdeh Zamyadi2,
- Signe Bray3,4,5,6,
- Stefanie Hassel7,8,
- Stephen R. Arnott2,
- Benicio N. Frey9,10,
- Sidney H. Kennedy11,12,13,14,15,
- Andrew D. Davis2,16,
- Geoffrey B. Hall16,17,
- Raymond W. Lam18,
- Roumen Milev19,
- Daniel J. Müller11,12,20,21,
- Sagar Parikh22,
- Claudio Soares23,
- Glenda M. Macqueen7,8,
- Stephen C. Strother2,24 and
- Andrea B. Protzner1,5,8
- 1Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- 2Baycrest Health Sciences, Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada
- 3Child and Adolescent Imaging Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- 4Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- 5Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- 6Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- 7Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- 8Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 14, Canada
- 9Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- 10Mood Disorders Program and Women’s Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 4A6, Canada
- 11Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
- 12Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
- 13Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
- 14Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
- 15Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
- 16Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- 17Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 4A6, Canada
- 18Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A1, Canada
- 19Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, and Providence Care Hospital, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- 20Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada
- 21Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
- 22Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
- 23Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University, Providence Care, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- 24Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
- Correspondence should be addressed to Gwen van der Wijk at gwen.vanderwijk{at}ucalgary.ca.
Author contributions
Author contributions: G.W., M.Z., S.B., S.H., B.N.F., S.H.K., A.D.D., G.B.H., R.W.L., R.M., D.J.M., S.P., C.S., G.M.M., and A.B.P. designed research; M.Z., S.B., S.H., S.R.A., B.N.F., S.H.K., A.D.D., G.B.H., R.W.L., R.M., D.J.M., S.P., G.M.M., S.C.S., and A.B.P. performed research; G.W. analyzed data; G.W., M.Z., S.B., S.H.K., A.D.D., S.C.S., and A.B.P. wrote the paper.
Disclosures
B.N.F. has received grant/research support from Alternative Funding Plan Innovations Award, Brain and Behavior Research Foundation, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Hamilton Health Sciences Foundation, J. P. Bickell Foundation, Ontario Brain Institute, Ontario Mental Health Foundation, Society for Women's Health Research, Teresa Cascioli Charitable Foundation, Eli Lilly, and Pfizer and has received consultant and/or speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Canadian Psychiatric Association, CANMAT, Daiichi Sankyo, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Servier, and Sunovion. R.M. has received consulting and speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Allergan, Janssen, KYE, Lundbeck, Otsuka, and Sunovion and research grants from CAN-BIND, CIHR, Janssen, Lallemand, Lundbeck, Nubiyota, OBI, and OMHF. S.P. has been a consultant to Takeda, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lundbeck; has had a research contract with Assurex; and has equity in Mensante. R.W.L. has received speaker and consultant honoraria or research funds from AstraZeneca, Brain Canada, Bristol-Myers Squibb, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), the Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments, the Canadian Psychiatric Association, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Lundbeck, Lundbeck Institute, Medscape, Otsuka, Pfizer, Servier, St. Jude Medical, Takeda, the University Health Network Foundation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Allergan, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, BC Leading Edge Foundation, Healthy Minds Canada, Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, MITACS, Myriad Neuroscience, Ontario Brain Institute, Otsuka, Unity Health, Viatris, and VGH-UBCH Foundation. S.H.K. has received honoraria or research funds from Abbott, Alkermes, Allergan, Boehringer Ingelheim, Brain Canada, CIHR, Janssen, Lundbeck, Lundbeck Institute, Ontario Brain Institute, Ontario Research Fund, Otsuka, Pfizer, Servier, Sunovion, and Sun Pharmaceutical and holds stock in Field Trip Health. D.J.M. has received consulting and speaking honoraria from Lundbeck and Genomind. C.S. has received consulting and speaking honoraria from Pfizer, Otsuka, Bayer, Eisai, and research grants from CAN-BIND, CIHR, OBI, and SEAMO. S.C.S. is a senior Scientific Advisor and shareholder in ADMdx, which receives NIH funding, and during the period of this research, he had research grants from Brain Canada, Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), and the Ontario Brain Institute in Canada. Other authors declare no competing financial interests.
CAN-BIND is an Integrated Discovery Program carried out in partnership with, and financial support from, the Ontario Brain Institute, an independent nonprofit corporation, funded partially by the Ontario government. The opinions, results, and conclusions are those of the authors and no endorsement by the Ontario Brain Institute is intended or should be inferred. Additional funding is provided by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Lundbeck, and Servier. Funding and/or in-kind support is also provided by the investigators’ universities and academic institutions. All study medications are independently purchased at wholesale market values. We acknowledge support to G.W. in the form of a Mamdani Family Foundation Graduate Scholarship and Alberta Graduate Excellence Scholarship (AGES: International). The funders had no role in the design, analysis, interpretation, or publication of this study.
Funding
Ontario Brain Institute (OBI)
Canadian Government | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
Lundbeck Canada (Lundbeck Canada Inc)
Servier Laboratories | Servier Canada (Servier Canada Inc.)
Mamdani Family Foundation Graduate Scholarship
Alberta Graduate Excellence Scholarship (AGES: International)
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