Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Experimental design in the study. A, Experimental procedure. Rest, 30 s resting state session; rating, 30 s self-rating on anxiety, pleasure, benevolence and malevolence; the task sequence was counterbalanced among participants. B, Optode probe set on the prefrontal cortex. C, Optode probe set on the right temporal regions. D, The data preprocessing and analysis procedure.
- Figure 2.
Results on β increment (FDR corrected). HP, Hurting people; LY, lying; PT, playing trick. A, The full views of the main effect of TASK on the β increment of all CHs. The red rectangle indicates that the CHs have significant main effect (CH3 and CH4). B, The amplitude of the β increment of CH3. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. C, The amplitude of the β increment of CH4. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. D, E, The distribution of F values from permutation test on CH3/CH4. The arrows denote the location of the actual F value.
- Figure 3.
Results on NC increment (FDR corrected). HP, Hurting people; LY, lying; PT, playing trick. A–D, The amplitude of NC increments of CH8–CH21, CH12–CH46, CH13–CH14, and CH17–CH18. The distributions of F values from permutation test on these CH combinations. The arrows denote the locations of actual F values. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
- Figure 4.
Summary figure of results. STG, Superior temporal gyrus. A, Results of neural activation; the upward arrow means that the neural activation during a certain task was significantly weaker than other tasks (e.g., the neural activation at right FPC during lying task was significantly stronger than during hurting people and playing trick tasks). B, Results of neural coupling; the downward arrow means that the neural coupling during a certain task was significantly weaker than in other tasks (e.g., the neural coupling between right DLPFC and right IPL during a hurting people task was significantly weaker than during lying and playing trick tasks). C, Results of linear regression analysis on neural activation; the symbol (–) means negative prediction (e.g., the neural activation of right DLPFC during playing trick significantly negatively predict the performance of playing trick task). D, Results of linear regression analysis on neural coupling; the symbol (+) means positive prediction (e.g., the neural coupling between right FPC and right AG during lying significantly positively predict the performance of lying task).
Tables
- Table 1
The results of one-way repeated-measures ANOVAs with TASK as the within-subject factor on the anxiety, pleasure, benevolence, and malevolence
HPT(mean ± SD) LT(mean ± SD) PTT(mean ± SD) F(2,78) p ηp2 Post hoc testa Anxiety 5.21 ± 1.44 4.97 ± 1.49 4.59 ± 1.58 4.17 0.019 0.10 HPT > PTT* Pleasure 2.28 ± 1.40 1.86 ± 0.76 2.46 ± 1.28 5.20 0.008 0.12 PTT > LT** Benevolence 1.45 ± 0.67 1.70 ± 0.87 1.79 ± 0.76 5.17 0.008 0.12 PTT > HPT** Malevolence 6.68 ± 0.46 5.95 ± 0.88 5.84 ± 1.17 13.42 0.000 0.26 HPT > LT***
HPT > PTT****p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
aPost hoc tests were Bonferroni corrected.
- Table 2
The results of one-way repeated-measures ANOVAs with TASK as the within-subject factor on the NC increments
CH combinationa HPT(mean ± SD) LT(mean ± SD) PTT(mean ± SD) F p(FDR) ηp2 Post hoc testb CH8–CH21 0.00 ± 0.86 −0.53 ± 0.91 −0.04 ± 1.11 9.49(2,74) 0.037 0.20 LT < HPT***
LT < PTT**CH12–CH46 −0.20 ± 0.66 −0.51 ± 0.67 0.07 ± 0.95 10.56(2,74) 0.048 0.22 LT < HPT**
LT < PTT***CH13–CH14 0.16 ± 1.36 0.35 ± 1.21 −0.25 ± 1.05 9.56(2, 72) 0.043 0.21 PTT < HPT*
PTT < LT***CH17–CH38 −0.37 ± 0.97 0.33 ± 0.96 0.24 ± 1.01 9.66(2,74) 0.048 0.21 HPT < LT**
HPT < PTT***p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
aOnly CH combinations that survived the FDR correction are listed.
bThe post hoc tests were Bonferroni corrected.
Channel t-Valuesa Region HPT LT PTT 2 3.42** 4.16*** 3.24* Left FPC 3 5.72*** 5.91*** 4.67*** Right FPC 4 4.48*** 6.84*** 3.51** Right FPC 9 2.90* 3.10* 2.38* Right MFG 16 −2.65* −2.60* −2.75* Right DLPFC 23 −3.06* −3.91** −4.23** Right MTG 27 −5.59*** −3.11* −3.61** Right STG 30 −3.66** −4.11** −3.80* Right POG 34 −3.46** −4.27** −3.31** Right SMG 39 5.19*** 5.00*** 5.56*** Right AG 43 5.70*** 5.73*** 5.63*** Right precuneus 46 3.58** 3.95** 4.14** Right precuneus Post hoc tests were Bonferroni corrected. MFG, Middle frontal gyrus; MTG, middle temporal gyrus; STG, superior temporal gyrus.
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
aOnly channels that were significantly different from baseline in all tasks are listed.
CH combination t-Valuesa Region HPT LYT PTT CH1–CH5 3.74* 5.55*** 3.28* Left FPC-left DLPFC CH24–CH25 3.50* 4.98** 4.03* Right fusiform-rMOG CH32–CH36 3.91* 7.93*** 6.39*** Right AG-rMOG CH35–CH38 4.00* 3.59* 4.36** Right AG-right SMG CH38–CH39 4.18* 6.02*** 5.23*** Right SMG-right AG CH39–CH42 5.60*** 4.80** 3.65* Right AG-right SMG CH41–CH44 4.23* 3.22* 4.01* Right POG-right PRG CH44–CH45 7.19*** 5.81*** 5.76*** Right PRG-rPOG The post hoc tests were Bonferroni corrected. PRG, Precentral gyrus.
aOnly CH combinations that were significantly different from baseline in all tasks are listed.
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
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