It is clear that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to drug addiction. Recent
evidence indicating trans-generational influences of drug abuse highlight potential epigenetic …

Genetic factors are implicated in the heritability of drug abuse. However, even with advances
in current technology no specific genes have been identified that are critical for the …

The past decade has seen a drastic rise in the number of infants exposed to opioids in utero.
It is unclear what lasting effect this exposure may have on these children. Animal models of …

We delineated a heritable phenotype resulting from the self-administration of cocaine in rats.
We observed delayed acquisition and reduced maintenance of cocaine self-administration …

Serotonin (5-HT) modulates neural responses to socioaffective cues and can bias approach
or avoidance behavioral decisions, yet the cellular mechanisms underlying its contribution …

Increasing evidence suggests that deep brain stimulation (DBS), which is currently being
used as a therapy for neurological diseases, may be effective in the treatment of psychiatric …

Cocaine self-administration alters patterns of gene expression in the brain that may underlie
cocaine-induced neuronal plasticity. In the present study, male Sprague Dawley rats were …

Angiogenesis and increased permeability of the blood–brain barrier have been reported to
occur in animal models of Parkinson’s disease and l-dopa-induced dyskinesia, but the …

Accumbal deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising therapeutic modality for the treatment
of addiction. Here, we demonstrate that DBS in the nucleus accumbens shell, but not the …

Rationale Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has achieved substantial success as a treatment for
movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. The therapeutic efficacy and relative lack …