A polarized Ca2+, diacylglycerol and STIM1 signalling system regulates directed cell migration

Nat Cell Biol. 2014 Feb;16(2):133-44. doi: 10.1038/ncb2906. Epub 2014 Jan 26.

Abstract

Ca(2+) signals control cell migration by regulating forward movement and cell adhesion. However, it is not well understood how Ca(2+)-regulatory proteins and second messengers are spatially organized in migrating cells. Here we show that receptor tyrosine kinase and phospholipase C signalling are restricted to the front of migrating endothelial leader cells, triggering local Ca(2+) pulses, local depletion of Ca(2+) in the endoplasmic reticulum and local activation of STIM1, supporting pulsatile front retraction and adhesion. At the same time, the mediator of store-operated Ca(2+) influx, STIM1, is transported by microtubule plus ends to the front. Furthermore, higher Ca(2+) pump rates in the front relative to the back of the plasma membrane enable effective local Ca(2+) signalling by locally decreasing basal Ca(2+). Finally, polarized phospholipase C signalling generates a diacylglycerol gradient towards the front that promotes persistent forward migration. Thus, cells employ an integrated Ca(2+) control system with polarized Ca(2+) signalling proteins and second messengers to synergistically promote directed cell migration.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Calcium / metabolism*
  • Cell Movement*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Diglycerides / metabolism*
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
  • Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction*
  • Stromal Interaction Molecule 1
  • Type C Phospholipases / metabolism

Substances

  • Diglycerides
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • STIM1 protein, human
  • Stromal Interaction Molecule 1
  • Type C Phospholipases
  • Calcium