Behavioural neuroscienceChronic restraint stress down-regulates amygdaloid expression of polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule
Section snippets
Animals
Male Wistar Hanover rats (Harlan Iberica, Barcelona, Spain), weighing 150–175g on arrival, were housed in groups of two to three per cage, at a temperature of 22±2°C, and 12-h light/dark cycle (lights on at 07:00 h). Animals had free access to food and water. Approximately 5 weeks after arrival, they were handled daily for 3 days before being weighed. Rats were then allocated to two groups (control and stress) with similar body weight average. On the 5th week after arrival (rats weighing around
Results
Body weight changes were monitored at 7 (Control: 319.0+7.5; Stress: 291.5+3.4), 14 (Control: 344.7+8.2; Stress: 307.9+3.2), and 21 days (Control: 369.0+8.8; Stress: 321.1+2.8) from the starting of the stress-induction protocol. This chronic restraint procedure induced a significant reduction in body weight gain, as indicated by a repeated measures ANOVA indicating significant effects of “Stress” (F1,9=16.35, P<0.003) and “Time” (F2,9=258.84, P<0.001) as well as for the interaction of both
Discussion
The amygdala is a brain area which plays a crucial role in fear and anxiety (Davis 1992, LeDoux 1994, Oakes and Coover 1997). Exposure to chronic stress has been shown to potentiate both anxiety (Vyas et al 2002, Wood et al 2004) and fear conditioning (Conrad et al 1999, Sandi et al 2001, Cordero et al 2003), and plasticity in specific amygdaloid nuclei, in response to prior stress, has been hypothesized to account for stress-induced emotional alterations (Pawlak et al., 2003). However, the
Conclusions
These findings show a marked down-regulation of PSA-NCAM after CRS in two amygdala nuclei, the Ce and ME, which play key roles in the translation of the effects of stress into emotional responses and altered endocrine activity. Since prolonged stress exposure can result in major psychopathological alterations, these findings highlight PSA-NCAM as a potential therapeutic target to treat stress-related emotional disturbances. Indeed such a possibility can be tested thanks to the recent
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Cited by (65)
Impact of stress on inhibitory neuronal circuits, our tribute to Bruce McEwen
2022, Neurobiology of StressCitation Excerpt :Using a similar paradigm we found a biphasic expression pattern, but focusing only in the DG (Pham et al., 2003). From there different studies have explored the effects of stress, both during adulthood and early life, on PSA-NCAM expression in different cerebral regions (J. ; Juan ; Cordero et al., 2005;Nacher et al., 2004a; Nacher et al., 2004b; Tsoory et al., 2008), (see Bisaz et al., 2009; Sandi, 2004) for review). In 2011 and 2013, we published 2 articles studying these effects in adult male mice exposed to 21 days of restraint.
Remembering Mike Stewart
2022, NeuropharmacologyThe neuroplasticity marker PSA-NCAM: Insights into new therapeutic avenues for promoting neuroregeneration
2020, Pharmacological Research